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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is an out pouching or dilation of arterial wall that result because of artherosclerotic plaque between the arterial walls in the aorta, iliac, femoral & popliteal
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aneurysm
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what is the major contributor of aneurysms
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HTN
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what are the symptoms of an abdominal aneurysm & complications
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pulsating abdominal mass
aortic calcification noted on x-ray mild to sever midabdominal or lumbar px cool, cyanotic extremities if iliac arteries are involved ischemic px with exercise and relieved by rest (claudication) complications are rupture & hemorrhage |
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what are the symptoms of a thoracic aneurysm & complications
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may be asymptomatic, back, neck or substernal px
dyspnea, stridor or brassy cough if pressing on trachea hoarseness and dysphagia if pressing on esophagus, or laryngeal nerve edema of face and neck distended neck veins complications are periperal emboli to lower extremities and rupture & hemorrhage |
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what the symptoms of an aortic dissection aneurysm & complications
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abrupt, severe, ripping or tearing px in area of aneurysm
bruit heard over lesion mild or marked hypertension weak or absent pulses & BP in upper extremities syncope complications are hemorrhage, renal failure, MI, heart failure, cardiac tamponade, sepsis, and weakness or paralysis of lower extremities |
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what are the diagnostic tests for an aneurysm
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x-ray, ultrasound, CT or MRI, angiography
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in post operative nursing care what would the nurse be assessing
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ecchymosis of scrotum, perineum, penis
new or expanding hematoma increase in abdominal girth, abdominal, pelvic, back, and groin px weakened or absent peripheral pulse decreased motor function or sensation in the extremities s&s of shock cold, mottled skin (indicates occlusion) |
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what are the signs and symptoms of shock
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tachycardia (^HR), hypotension(vBP)
decreased Hgb/hct decreased LOC <30mL/hr urine output decreased CVP, pulmonary artery pressure |
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Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) is also known as
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artherosclerosis which is deposits of fat & fibrin harden the vessel lumens which result in decreased blood flow
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what are the risk factors of PVD
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hyperlipidemia, smoking, HTN, DM, males
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what are the signs of PVD
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PAIN.
intermittent claudication pain at rest, pain in calves, thighs, buttocks decreased or absent peripheral pulses skin on legs become shiny and taut with no hair growth dependant rubor noted with pallor on elevation ulcers or gangrene in toes or pressure areas of feet |
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what do you do for PVD
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put feet below heart level
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what is an acute arterial occulsion
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the result of an embolism or thrombus formation where plaque is present and it may develop in the L heart and travel to the brain, upper or lower extremities
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what is the difference between an embolus and a thrombus
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an embolus is a foreign object, quantity of air or gas, bit of tissue or tumor, or a bit of a clot that circulates in the bloodstream until it becomes lodged in a vessel
thrombus (blood clot) is an aggregation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors and the cellular elements of the blood attached to the interior wall of a vein or artery sometimes occluding the lumen of the vessel |
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what is an embolectomy
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a surgical incision into an artery to remove an embolus or clot. It is an emergency because it is usually found in the carotid artery but also in the aorta, arteries of lower extremities, pulmonary arteries
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