Anesthetics

Front 1

drugs with what type of solubility in blood have rapid induction and recovery times?

Back 1

decreased solubility

Front 2

drugs with what solubility in lipids have increased potency?

Back 2

increased solubility

Front 3

the greater the MAC, the what?

Back 3

greater the concentration needed to produce anesthesia

Front 4

what inhaled anesthetic is associated with hepatotoxicity?

Back 4

halothane

Front 5

what inhaled anesthetic is associated with nephrotoxicity?

Back 5

methoxyflurane

Front 6

what inhaled anesthetic is a proconvulsant?

Back 6

enflurane

Front 7

what is the Rx for malignant hyperthermia?

Back 7

dantrolene

Front 8

this class of intravenous anesthetics causes decreased cerebral blood flow and is therefore desirable for patients with cerebral edema

Back 8

barbiturates

Front 9

this IV anesthetic class can cause exacerbation of intermittent porphyria

Back 9

barbiturates

Front 10

what is the most common anesthetic used for endoscopy?

Back 10

midazolam

Front 11

this class of IV anesthetics can cause severe post-op respiratory depression, decreased BP, and amnesia? what do you treat this with?

Back 11

benzodiazepenes; flumazenil

Front 12

this class of anesthetics are PCP analogs that act as dissociative anesthetics

Back 12

arylcyclohexamines, e.g. ketamine

Front 13

these anesthetics can cause disorientation, hallucination, and bad dreams

Back 13

arylcyclohexamines (ketamine) - also increase cerebral blood flow

Front 14

what reverses the CNS and respiratory effects of opiods?

Back 14

naloxone

Front 15

this IV anesthetic has less post-op nausea than thiopental

Back 15

propofol

Front 16

this IV anesthetic is used for rapid anesthesia induction and short procedures

Back 16

propofol

Front 17

procaine, cocaine, tetracaine belong to what class of local anesthetic?

Back 17

esters

Front 18

lidocaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine belong to what class of local anesthetic

Back 18

amides - amides have 2 i's in name

Front 19

how do local anesthetics work?

Back 19

block Na+ channels by binding to specific receptors on inner portion of cannel; tertiarty amines penetrate membranes in uncharged form, then bind to ion channels in charged form

Front 20

why do you need more local anesthetic in infected tissues?

Back 20

infected tissues is acidic, so anesthetics are charged and cannot penetrate membrane effectively

Front 21

what is the order of loss with local anesthetics?

Back 21

pain > temperature > touch > pressure

Front 22

what local anesthetic has severe CV toxitcity?

Back 22

bupivacaine

Front 23

what local anesthetic is associated with hypertension, hypotension, and arrhythmias?

Back 23

cocaine

Front 24

what is the mechanism of action of dantrolene?

Back 24

prevents the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle

Front 25

what kind of drug is succinylcholine?

Back 25

depolarizing NM blocker

Front 26

what is the antidote for phase I NM block?

Back 26

none - block is potentiated by cholinesterase inhibitors

Front 27

what is the antidote for phase II NM block?

Back 27

cholinesterase inhibitors, e.g. neostigmine

Front 28

how do you reverse nondepolarizing NM blockade?

Back 28

neostigmine, edrophonium, and other cholinesterase inhibitors

Front 29

what class of drugs do tubocurarine, atracurium, mivacurium, pancuronium, vercuronium, rapacuroniumm belong to?

Back 29

nondepolarizing NM blockers

Front 30

what type of NM blockers compete with ACh for receptors?

Back 30

nondepolarizing