Anesthetic Drugs- Preanesthetics

Front 1

What are three physical effects of atropine?

Back 1

1.
2.
3.

Front 2

What organ metabolizes atropine?

DOG

Front 3

What organ metabolizes atropine?

CAT

Back 3

liver

Front 4

What are three uses of the drug atropine?

Back 4

1. Preanesthetic
2. Treatment of sinus bradycardia
3. Antidote for organophosphate
poisoning

Front 5

Name three precautions of atropine.

Back 5

1. Mydriasis ( pupil dilation )
2. decreased tear production
3. do not mix with diazepam

Front 6

Name two signs of toxicity of atropine?

Back 6

1. excitability
2. tachycardia

Front 7

Name three effects of acepromazine.

Back 7

1. Calming effect
2. muscle relaxant
3. decreased motor activity

Front 8

Name three uses of the drug acepromazine?

Back 8

1. preanesthetic agent
2. tranquilizer
3. antiemetic

Front 9

Acepromazine is metabolized by what organ?

Back 9

Liver

Front 10

What are two precautions of the drug acepromazine?

Back 10

1. Lowers seizure threshold.
2. Excitement rather than sedation.

Front 11

Name one contraindication for the use of acepromazine.

Back 11

Epilepsy/seizure patients.

Front 12

Name three physical effects of the drug diazepam?

Back 12

1. Antianxiety and calming effect.
2. Skeletal muscle relaxation.
3. Anticonvulsant activity.

Front 13

Name four uses of diazepam.

Back 13

1. Preanesthetic
2. sedative
3. in animals experiencing seizures
4. as an appetite stimulant for cats

Front 14

Diazepam is metabolized by what organ?

Back 14

liver

Front 15

Diazepam should be protected from light. True or False

Back 15

True

Front 16

Diazepam should not be stored in a syringe, bag, or tubing. True or False and why.

Back 16

True, diazepam is readily absorbed into
the plastic.

Front 17

Name three precautions of the drug diazepam.

Back 17

1. rapid IV administration may cause bradycardia.
2. May cause significant thrombophlebitis.
3. Crosses placenta.

Front 18

If given too much ( toxicity ), what four things may you see?

Back 18

1. ataxia
2. confusion
3. coma
4. hypotension

Front 19

What are the three physical effects of xylazine?

Back 19

1. calming and sedation
2. muscle relaxation
3. suppresses salivation
4. suppresses GI motility
5. can trigger emesis ( vomiting)

( Pick 3 to know at level VA2 )

Front 20

Name three uses of xylazine.

Back 20

1. PA- preanesthetic
2. short periods of analgesia ( pain relief)
3. sedation

Front 21

Xylazine is metabolized by what organ?

Back 21

Liver

Front 22

What are three precautions when using xylazine?

Back 22

1. vomiting (50%dogs,90%cats)usually within a few minutes- monitor animals carefully as they may aspirate.
2. severe respiratory depression
3. depresses thermoregulatory system- therefore the need to watch temp

Front 23

One major precaution for humans handling xylazine.

Back 23

It can be absorbed through skin abrasions and mucous membranes

Front 24

Name three effects of the drug Domitor
( Medetomidine).

Back 24

1. calming and sedation
2. muscle relaxation
3. suppresses salivation
4. decreases GI motility
5. can cause vomiting

Front 25

Name 4 precautions of the drug domitor.

Back 25

1. Mucous membranes cannot be used as a vital sign for oxygen saturation, they may appear blanched and or blue(cyanotic).
2. bradycardia
3. respiratory depression
4. decreased blood pressure

Front 26

What is the reversal agent(antagonist) for xylazine?

Back 26

Yohimbine

Front 27

What is the reversal agent for Domitor?

Back 27

1. Antisedan

Front 28

Toxicity of the drug xylazine presents itself in what three ways?

Back 28

1. hypotension
2. seizures
3. profound central nervous system depression

Front 29

Toxicity of the drug Domitor presents itself in what 5 ways.

Back 29

1. bradycardia
2. occasional AV block
3. hypothermia ( decreased temp)
4. vomiting
5. hyperglycemia(increased BG level)

Front 30

Name 5 physical effects of the drug torbugesic( butorphanol ).

Back 30

1. respiratory depression
2. hypotension
3. bradycardia
4. increased repsonse to noise
5. excessive salivation

Front 31

A physical effect of the drug butorphanol is miosis in dogs and mydriasis in cats. True or False

Back 31

true

Front 32

What are 3 uses of the drugs oxymorphone and torbugesic?

Back 32

1. PA (preanesthetic)
2. induction agents
3. analgesia

Front 33

Does xylazine offer short periods of analgesia? true or false

Back 33

true

Front 34

What organ metabolizes both torbugesic and oxymorphone?

Back 34

liver

Front 35

What is the reversal agent for torbugesic and or oxymorphone?

Back 35

naloxone

Front 36

What precautions are there for oxymorphone?

Back 36

1. causes initial panting in dogs
2. incoordination in cats with high doses
3. decreases blood pressure
4. decreases cardiac contractility
5. bradycardia

Front 37

What precautions are there for the use of torbugesic?

Back 37

1. apnea
2. mild bradycardia
3. mild decreased blood pressure
4. incoordination
5. excitement and dysphoria

Front 38

What are four physical effects of the drug Pentothal?

Back 38

1. high degree of respiratory depression related to dose and rate of administration
2. increases salivary secretions
3. CNS depression
4. suppresses the respiratory centers in the brain

Front 39

Name two uses of the drug Pentothal.

Back 39

1. Sedation
2. Induction agents

Front 40

Is a premedication with atropine always recommended with barbituate(Pentothal) administration?

Back 40

yes

Front 41

Please explain how pentothal should be administered.

Back 41

Administered to effect- 1/3 of the total dose is given IV over 3- 10 seconds, animal is observed for 1 minute and then more is given if needed

Front 42

Pentothal is metabolized by what organ?

Back 42

liver

Front 43

There are some significant precautions with the use of pentothal. Please name at least four precautions.

Back 43

1. pentothal is only stable for 3 days at room temp, or 7 days refrigerated
2. perivascular infiltration ( outside of the vein) may cause local necrosis
3. transient apnea
4. repeated administration is cumulative
5. muscle relaxation and poor analgesic

Front 44

Pentothal use is contraindicated in sighthounds. True or False and why

Back 44

true, sighthounds have slow metabolism, low body fat, and are heavily muscled

Front 45

Name three signs of toxicity, with the drug Pentothal.

Back 45

1. Resp and cardiovascular depression
2. hypothermia
3. hypotension

Front 46

Name three uses of the drug ketamine.

Back 46

1. for restraint
2. analgesia
3. induction agent

Front 47

Name six physical effects of the drug ketamine.

Back 47

1. hallucinations
2. confusion, agitation, and fear
3. increased sensitivity to light and sound
4. increased heart rate
5. increased blood pressure
6. excessive salivation

Front 48

Name three precautions with the use of ketamine.

Back 48

1. Recovery is hyperresponsive with ataxia
2. Eyes remain open, central and dilated- the need ofr eye lubrication is great to avoid corneal drying
3. Can induce significant respiratory depression at high doses or if given too rapidly IV

Front 49

Ketamine is metabolized by what organ?

Back 49

liver