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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is malignant hyperthermia?
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Hypermetabolic state caused by unceasing muscle contractions secondary to heritable defect in the ryanodine receptor
Common triggers include succinylcholine and inhalational anesthetic gases |
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Malignant hyperthermia is caused by a defect in which protein?
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Ryanodine receptor
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What is the inheritance pattern of the defect in malignant hyperthermia?
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Autosomal dominant with variable penetrance
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What is the role of the ryanodine receptor in muscle contraction?
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Mediator of calcium-induced calcium release
Ryanodine receptor present of sacroplasmic reticulum Binding of cytosolic calcium to ryanodine receptor causes the release of the calcium stores of the sarcoplasmic reticulum |
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Name four sequelae of a hypermetabolic state:
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1) Hyperthermia
2) Hypoxemia 3) Hypercapnia 4) Hypoglycemia |
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What is the eventual outcome for the muscle in the hypermetabolic state?
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Rhabdomyolisis, lactic acidosis, hyperkalemia
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How does malignant hyperthermia cause hyperkalemia?
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Damage to muscle cells, release of potassium
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Name 2 risk factors for malignant hyperthermia.
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Family history
Muscular dystropy, other myopathies |
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What is the earliest signs of malignant hyperthermia?
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Tachycardia and signs of increased CO2 production
-increase in end-tidal CO2 -tachypnea in a spontaneously breathing patient |
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Name a physical sign of malignant hyperthermia.
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Muscle rigidity, especially trismus
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When does hyperthermia appear in malignant hyperthermia?
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Late
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Name 5 interventions in the management of malignant hyperthermia.
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Withdrawal of offending agents
Administration of dantrolene (muscle relaxant) Hyperventilation with 100% oxygen Fluid administration Cooling |
