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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do we monitor the CNS?
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It is done but the anesthetist
-Auscultate the heart and lungs -Palpate the pulse and check the mucous membranes -Observe respiration |
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What are qualities of general anesthesia?
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-unconsciousness
-amnesia -analgesia -akinesia you must also achieve system stability |
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What is the stage that is necessary for surgery?
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stage III
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What stage is an animal overdosed on anesthesia?
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stage IV
deep anesthesia (plane 3) is really close to this |
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What eye movement do you look for to determine a good plane of anesthesia?
Which animal does this not apply to? What can you see as a sign of arousal in this species? |
Ventro-medial eye rotation
Horses Nystagmus |
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What neurological reflex of the eye should be absent?
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Palpebral
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What species is jaw tone a reliable measure of anesthesia? Which is it not?
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Dogs and cats
Horses |
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Are neck/strap muscles reliable?
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Yes, in most species
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What should the respiratory pattern be in the correct plane of anesthesia?
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Regular
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What are the three most reliable signs that animal is too light?
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1) Gross purposeful movements
2) Reflex movements 3) Respiratory changes in response to surgical stimulation |
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What are the unreliable signs of plane of anesthesia?
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1) Pupil size
2) Heart rate 3) Breathing rate 4) Blood pressure * at one moment in time |
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When in doubt of anesthetic depth, what should you do?
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Turn vaporizer off or down
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What is stage one of anesthesia?
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voluntary movement
from initial administration to loss of consciousness see breath holding, excitement, salivation, urination |
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What is stage two of anesthesia?
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involuntary movement/delirium
loss of conciousness to onset regular breathing pattern Paddling, laryngeal spasm, vocalization, nystagmus, vomiting palpebral reflexes are prominent |
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What is stage three of anesthesia?
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Surgical anesthesia
unconscuousness with progressive depression of reflexes, good muscle relaxation and regular slow breathing |
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What are the planes of stage three (surgical anesthesia)?
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Plane 1 -light anesthesia for minimally invasive procedures
Plane 2 - medium depth- most surgical procedures Plane 3 - deep anesthesia, diaphragmatic breathing, centered and dilated pupils |
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What is stage four of anesthesia?
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Anesthetic overdose
Extreme CNS depression - wide dilated pupils Respiratory arrest Cardiac arrest Death |
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T/F
There are clear division between the stages of anesthesia. |
false
the stages are more prominent when only inhalant anesthesia is used (mask induction) variation depends on pre-anesthetic, respiratory function, physical status and anesthetic being used. |
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T/F
Dissociate drugs are different with regards to stages of anesthesia |
True
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What do you see with Ketamine?
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poor muscle relaxation - twitching
limb extension stiff jaw Corneal, palpebral, laryngeal and pharyngeal reflexes are partially maintained Lacrimation, dilation Apneustic breathing pattern |
