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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is MAC?
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A standardized index measuring the potency of inhalants
The minimum alveolar concentration of an anesthetic at 1 atm that produces immobility in 50% of subjects exposed to a supramaximal stimulus |
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What are the MAC values for: Halothane
Isoflurane Sevoflurane Desflurane Nitrous Oxide |
so= 1.3%
Sevo = 2.3% Halo= 0.87% Des= 7.2% NO= 188% |
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Why was halothane removed from the market?
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It caused:
arrhythmias hepatitis immune mediated responses |
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What factors increase MAC?
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Hyperthermia, CNS stim drugs, hyperT4, catecholamines
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What factors decrease MAC
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Neonates and geriatric patients hypoxemia, hypercapnia, hypotension, hypothermia, CNS depressants, pregnancy
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How do inhalants affect cerebral metabolism?
Cerebral blood blow? Intracranial pressure? |
decreases
increases increses |
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What respiratory factors are decreased with inhalants?
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spontaneous ventilation
alveolar ventilation Bronchospasms (inhalants cause bronchodilation) |
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How is heart rate affected by inhalants?
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increased
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How is heart blood pressure affected by inhalants?
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decreased
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What are advantages of using nitrous oxide?
Disadvantages? |
rapid onset and offset, analgesia, sympathetic stimulation
expensive, gas effect can worsen GDV and pneumonia |
