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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Messenger RNA
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The molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from the DNA molecule
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Transfer RNA
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The molecule that carries the amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.
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Transcription
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Process by which a strand of mRNA is copied from a section of DNA-enough information to code for one protein.
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Translation
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Process by which a polypeptide is made from the instruction on a mRNA molecule.
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Codon
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Three nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for a single amino acid
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Anti-Codon
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Group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to a three nucleotide sequence on a mRNA.
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Intron
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Part of DNA that does not code for a part of the protein. It is between the coding sections of DNA and gets cut out
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Exon
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Part of the DNA code that actually codes for a protein-part that does not get cut out-is actually expressed
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Genetic Code
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The language of mRNA instructions on how to make a protein.
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Amino Acid
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Molecule made up of a carboxyl group, amino group and an R group. Many of them together make up a protein
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Protein
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Sequence of amino acids-Long chain of amino acids
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Polypeptide
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Sequence of amino acids-Long chain of amino acids
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Mutation
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Any change in a DNA sequence that affects the genetic information
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DNA
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Double Stranded-Contains all of the genetic code
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RNA
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Single Stranded-Contains information to code for one protein
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Transgenic organism |
Organisms that have had genes from other species inserted into their genome |