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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How was the Roman Republic similar to our government today?
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Officials were elected and the head of the government is not a monarch.
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Who did Rome fight during the Punic Wars?
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Carthage
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Why did the Punic Wars begin?
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Over land - Rome wanted Sicily
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Who was the Carthaginian general during the 2nd Punic War?
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Hannibal
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How did Hannibal get to Rome?
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He marched through Spain along the Northern coast of the Med. Sea through the Alps - many soliders died on this trip.
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What were the results of the Punic Wars?
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Carthage is destroyed. Rome gets the North coast of Africa, slaves and treasure.
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What was one problem Rome was facing during the Punic Wars?
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Farms were ruined during the 2nd Punic War because the soliders were away too long fighting so their farms fell apart.
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Why was the growth of the army a problem?
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Soldiers become loyal to generals, not repulic. Those generals begin to fight for control of Rome.
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How did Caesar's rise lead to the end of the Republic?
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Caesar named himself a dictator with absolute power. He did not pay attention to the Senate.
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Why was Caesar assassinated?
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The Senate was afraid he was gaining too much power - they wanted to "save the republic".
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Why would Augustus have given himself the title "first citizen"?
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He wanted to make himself seem as if he were simply one of the people.
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Name 3 of Augustus' accomplishments.
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1.) Improved system of taxation. 2.) Expanded the empire. 3.) Built temples and roads.
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What are 3 ways Rome was successful at keeping the Empire unified during Pax Romana?
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1.) Gave Roman citizenship. 2.) Spread culture. 3.) Provided protection.
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What was the basic task of the Roman economy?
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Feed soldiers and the poor.
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Why did Romans value grain so much?
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They had a lot of people to feed.
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What was mined for in Rome?
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Gold, silver, marble, lead and tin.
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How did the plebeins force the patricians to recognize their rights?
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They stopped working and left the city of Rome. Without them Rome would fall apart so the patricians had to negotiate with them.
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Why were the Twelve Tablets important?
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The laws were "set in stone" - written down for all to see.
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What was the make up of the Roman Republic?
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Two consuls rule - 1 pleb and 1 partrician, followed by the Senate, followed by the Assembly.
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Who votes for the Assembly?
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The citizens for for the Assembly, then the Assembly votes for the Consul and the Consul appoints the senate.
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Julius Caesar
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Roman general who ended the Republic and ruled as dictator
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Augustus/Octavian
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Title meaning "respected one" given to Octavian - 1st Roman emperor
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Pax Romana
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Peace of Rome
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Provinces
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a territory governed as a unit within a country or empire
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Carthage
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Ancient Phoenician city and state in North Africa
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Republic
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A nation in which political power lies with the citizens
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Senate
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The supreme council of the state
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Consul
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Either of the two main elected officials of the ancient Roman Republic
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Patrician
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A member of the small class of wealthy families in ancient Rome. Have all the power and control the government.
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Plebian
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A member of the large class of ordinary citizens. They were not treated fairly under the law.
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Etruscan
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Powerful neighbors to the north of Rome who had an older more advanced civilization
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Romulus
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Killed his brother Remus. First king of Rome. Rome was named after him.
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Hannibal
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Carthaginian general during the Second Punic War
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Veto
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"I forbid"
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"Checks and Balances"
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first developed by the government of Rome - each branch of government has ways to check on each other
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"Ides of March"
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The day that Julius Caesar was assassinated (March 15th)
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Trimuverate
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A government by 3 persons who share responsibility and authority
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Grain
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Major trade item
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How did Gaius Marius improve the Roman army?
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Marius turned it into a professional, paid army
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What is a legion?
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A unit of the army - 4500 to 6000 soldiers
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Who were the first people to settle the Italian penisula?
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Estruscans
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