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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who was the last of the Barracks emperors who restored the empires unity instability |
Diocletian |
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How long did Diocletians policies reserve the empire for |
Another century |
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What was Diocletian’s first priority |
To secure the person of the emperor |
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Four man rule |
Tetrarchy |
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Who was Diocletians successor? |
Constantine |
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Constantine it deliberately struck a blow at the pagan roots of classical civilization by bestowing what? |
Imperial patronage on Christianity |
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Constantine reversed course, converted, and encouraged the spread of what through the empire? |
Christianity |
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After Constantine won control of the whole empire he founded a new imperial capital called _____. |
Constantinople |
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A letter that proclaimed religious toleration in the Roman empire and stop to the persecution of Christians |
The edict of Milan |
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A list of attributes that describe Muslim beliefs is called |
The five pillars of Islam |
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Affirmation of a monotheistic Creed: there is no God but Allah, and Mohammed is his prophet |
The first pillar of Islam |
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What is the second pillar of Islam |
Prayer at fixed times during the day |
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What is the third pillar of Islam |
Contribution to charities that care for the poor |
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Observation of a season of fasting during the month of Ramadan |
The fourth pillar of Islam |
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At least one pilgrimage to Mecca in a lifetime |
The fifth pillar of Islam |
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Who is Fatima‘s husband |
Ali |
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Shi’ite Islam is centered in______ |
Iran and Iraq |
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Does your follow the traditions of the prophet honored by Islam’s historic dynasties |
Sunni muslims |
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Who established carolingians |
Pippin |
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When was the edict of Milan issued |
February 313 AD |
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Who used his powerful position as mayor of the palace in the Merovingian court to build the basis of his family’s power |
Pippin |
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Military acumen what is the basis for continued consolidation of power particularly the defeat of the Arabs at Poitiers (732 CE) |
Charles Martel |
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Who was the edict of Milan signed by |
The Roman emperors Constantine and licinius |
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The council of the Nicaea was a council of the Christian church called by what emperor |
Constantine |
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Who became “ The Prophet” The man chosen to reveal the will of Allah to found the religion known as Islam |
Muhammad |
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Muhammad‘s birthplace |
Mecca |
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Mecca was one of Arabia‘s sacred places in the state of a rectangular stone building of ancient but uncertain origin called_____ |
Ka’aba (“cube”) |
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Muhammad got married to a wealthy widow named Khadija and they had seven children but only one lived and her name was_____ |
Fatima |
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What was known as, “City” of the prophet but was not an urban community |
Medina |
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“ departure” Muhammad‘s relocation from Mecca to Medina and organization of the first Muslim community; The pivot point for the Muslim calendar |
Hijra |
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who ruled from 768-814 C.E.building on the foundation provided by his Carolingian forebears
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Charlemagne
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who reorganized the Frankishterritories into approximately 600 “counties” (with counts/viscounts) andoverseen by “missi dominici” |
Charlemagne
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who was crowned as “emperor” in800 C.E. by Pope Leo |
Charlemagne
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AfterCharlemagne’s death, the kingdom passed to his own surviving son__________
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Louis the Pious ( (814-840 C.E.)
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the state of being the firstborn child.
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primogeniture
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After his death,the empire was divided among his three sons (following Frankish custom)
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Lothair (840-855 C.E.)
Louis the German (840-876 C.E.) Charles the Bald (840-877 C.E.) |
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what treaty made the territorial split permanent |
The Treaty of Verdun (843 C.E.)
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The feudal system was one based on relationships contractedbetween a “lord” and his “vassals” Formally contracted by a ceremonial act of_________________
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“homage”
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special honor or respect shown publicly (“theintermingling of hands”)
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homage |
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The relationship created what obligations for both parties
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– the lord provided land and protection
– the vassal provided payment in “kind” and military support |
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Charlemagne Promoted the copying of religious and secular texts
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– Missals, psaltersand other literary works
– Illuminatedmanuscripts – Produced/preservedliterary masterpieces |
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TheEcclesiastical History of the English People was written by___________
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(by the Venerable Bede)
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Popularized thesystem of dating first used by St. Boniface --
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anno domini
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–The firstnon-religious document written in the vernacular Anglo-Saxon
–Preserves aconsiderable amount of information regarding the culture of theAnglo-Saxons |
beowulf |
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-Organizedterritories with definite geographic boundaries
-Centralgovernments with strong administrations and uniformity of law -An organizedmeans of managing interstate relations |
definition of a state |
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Imperial families were elected by the German nobility in collective meetings called
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“Diets”
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The territoryreferred to as “German” was a series of smaller states ruled by
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independent dukes and princes (duchies)
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what battle was a series of military engagements over the course of three days from 10–12 August 955 in which the German forces of King Otto I the Great annihilated a Hungarian army
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The Battle of Lechfeld
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What was a conflict between church and state in medieval Europe over the ability to appoint local church officials through investiture. It began as a dispute in the 11th century between the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII.
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The Investiture Controversy or Investiture Contest
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the German Duchiescontinued to operate as loosely federated states –
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“Landesherrschaft”
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who abandoned hope for any real political unity (Constitutions inFavor of the Princes of Germany (1231 C.E.))
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Frederick II Hohenstaufen (1212-1250 CE)
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who established a dynasty ruling over territories around Paris
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Hugh Capet
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The Capetians built their prominence on___________
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religious claims (“the royal touch”) and military success
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Louis VIII andLouis IX added notable territories in the south to France through__________ –
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conquest and marriage
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who was queen of France and wife of Louis VIII,
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Blanche of Castille
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a person appointed to administer a country because the monarch is a minor or is absent or incapacitated.
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regent (Louis IX)
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a royal officer in charge of justice and control of the administration of certain southern provinces
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seneschals
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who was the king’s administrative representative during the ancien régime in northern France that was responsible for the application of justice and control of the administration and local finances
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Baillis
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- A court of appeal from local administrations
- It’s decisions overrode local administrations and increasingly developed a uniform system of laws - Unlike the English Parliament, it was an extension of the French king’s authority |
the Parlement of Paris
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who united Anglo-Saxon rule in southern portions of England (Wessex,Cornwall, Sussex) to counter Danish and Viking incursions
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Alfred the Great (r.871-899)
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After the Battleof Hastings (1066 C.E.), William (I) the Conqueror adopted both___________
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Anglo-Saxon and Norman institutions to create a unified England
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a division of land
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shire |
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a government official, with varying duties, existing in some countries with historical ties to England
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A sheriff
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a formal written order issued by a body with administrative or judicial jurisdiction; in modern usage, this body is generally a court.
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a writ
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What leader killed most of the anglo-saxon leaders and became king? |
William I "the conqueror" |
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What book is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror.
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Domesday Book
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Stephen (Henry I's cousin) acknowledged who as england's king after he passed ? |
Henry II |
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who established a strongercentral court that created much of the English constitutional tradition and The establishment of a judicial system and the “common law” |
Henry II |
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who was known as , was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 until his murder in 1170.
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Thomas Becket (Saint Thomas of Canterbury)
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The exploits ofRichard the Lionhearted and King John Lackland resulted in limitations to the regnalpower The cost of the 3rd Crusade and, specifically, John’s attempt to increase taxes resulted in_____________
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the Magna Carta (1214 C.E.)
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a charter of liberties to which the English barons forced King John to give his assent in June 1215 at Runnymede. 2 : a document constituting a fundamental guarantee of rights and privileges
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the magna carta |
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who acceded to the throne at 9years of age and his poor rule resulted in the creation of its parliamentarysystem |
henry III |
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Much of Spaincame under______ control in the late 7th and early 8thcentury
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Muslim
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The emirate of Cordoba established by____________
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Abd-al-Rahman (756-788 C.E.)
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______________ eventually fragmented in the early 10th century, allowing Christian states in the extreme north to begin a reconquest of Spain
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The emirate of Cordoba
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who led the small state of Navarre in several successfulforays against the Muslims
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Sancho I (1000-1035)
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who did much to weaken further the remaining power of the caliphate in Spain
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Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar (el Cid)
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In 1212, what battle settled the question of Christian supremacy over the Spanish peninsula
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the Battle at Las Navas de Tolosa (by the combined Castilian-Aragonese armies)
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In 1071 C.E., who defeated the Greeks at Manzikert and occupied most of Anatolia and took control of Jerusalem also
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The Turks
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who calledfor a “holy war” against the Turks on November 27, 1095 C.E.
-He hoped to unify the Eastern and Western Churches. -He promised “indulgences” for anyone who participated -The success of his “call” demonstrated papal power |
Urban II
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who, with his rag-tag army of peasants, arrived at Constantinople first (the first crusade)
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Peter the Hermit
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who led officials into Constantinople and captured Jerusalem after 2 years |
Count Raymond of Toulouse,
Geoffrey of Bouillon, Bohemond of Taranto |
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what was the purpose of the second crusade? |
The purpose of the Crusade was to give assistance to the Christian states facing Muslim threats
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who was the second crusade led by |
Led by Louis VIIand his (then) wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine
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