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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
When was Julius Caesar born
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100 B.C.
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What kind of family was Julius Caesar born into
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A patrician family that was not very rich but had good political connections
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Who was Julius Caesar related and why was this bad
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He was related to Julia Caesar, the wife of Marius, so when Sulla came to Rome he fled to Asia Minor to do military duty
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What did Caesar do when he returned
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He allied himself to Pompey
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What did Caesar and Pompey use to signify their alliance
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The marriage of Pompey to Caesar's daughter, Julia
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What three signifigant things were Pompey known for
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1) Helping Marius suppress Spratacus's slave revolt 2) Ridding the Mediterranean of pirates 3) Won some major battles in the Middle East
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What did Caesar have to borrow money for
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To run for and hold public offices
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How did Caesar repay his debts
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Became governor of Spain and used the booty he collected
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What happened when Caesar returns to Rome from Spain
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He held more public offices and became an idol of the Roman citizens
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Who is the first triumvirate made of
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Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey
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What happens in 59 B.C. to this triumvirate
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They are all three named consul
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What was Caesar appointed governor over
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Gaul
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What did he do in Gaul
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Fought many military battles and proved himself a military leader
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Why did Caesar's soldiers love him
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He shared their hardships and the loot they earned
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Why did Caesar write his accounts of the battles in
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Commentaries on the Gallic Wars
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Why was writing the commentaries strategic
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It kept the Romans talking about him
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What did the wars in Gaul give Caesar
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Man power (loyal soldiers), prestige, and money
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What happens as Caesar gains popularity and prestige among the majority of Roman citizens
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Mostly senators and Pompey start to worry and get jealous
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What did Pompey convince the senate to do
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Call Caesar back to give an account of his years in Gaul
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Why does this call home put Caesar between a rock and a hard place
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Caesar knew if he returned without his army then he would probably be killed, but if he went with his army it would cause civil war
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What does Caesar do
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He crosses the Rubicon River and marches his army into Rome
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What is the name of the river Caesar crosses
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Rubicon
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Sure enough what happens when Caesar gets to Rome
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Civil war breaks out with Pompey on the side of the conservative senators
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What happens to Pompey
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He flees Rome and goes to Pharsalus
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What happens at Pharsalus Greece
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Caesar defeats Pompey and Pompey flees to Egypt
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What happens to Pompey in Egypt
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Pompey is murdered by agents of the pharaoh
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What happens when Caesar returns to Rome
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He becomes the sole leader of Rome
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What does Caesar do to supporters of Pompey
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Gives them amnesty
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What happens when Caesar returns to Egypt
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Returns to Egypt and has an affair with Cleopatra along with one child
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What happens when Caesar returns to Rome
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He is made dictator for life
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What is it called when Caesar is made dictator for life
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Imperator
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What happens to the conservative members of the senate
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They become worried about Caesar getting too much power
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Who murdered Caesar
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Brutus was the main conspirator along with some other conservative senate members
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When is Caesar assassinated
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March 15, 44 B.C.
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Were the conspirators supported by the majority of Rome
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No
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What did the senate members have to do
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Flee Rome
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What changes does Caesar make when he becomes sole ruler
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Granted Roman citizenship to provinces outside of Rome; Expanded the senate to 900 members; made the senate more representative of all Rome; landowners had to substitute 1/3 of slaves for free men; founded colonies which provided land for the poor; and created the new calendar which we still use
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