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111 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the Chinese dynasties in order
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Shang, Chou, Ch'in, Han, Sui, Tang, Sung, Yuan, Ming, Manchu
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What were shang most known for?
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Irrigation, oracle bones, writing, bronze ware, lunar calendar & other science, written language, shamanism
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How did shang dynasty fall?
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lost vigor for war, chou overthrew w/ allies
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what are the chou known for?
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longest dynasty, decentralized gov't, feudalism, competing warlords, brilliant civilization, NOT politics or science
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what were the ch'in known for?
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founded by Cheng, then called Shih Huang Ti, gave china its name, capital Hsien-yang, conquered far south, built Great Wall of china, highways & canals, burned 1st 2 great classics,
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Who was confucius & his ideas?
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name: kung Fu-tzu, human nature good but need education, fundamental relationships, good life on order on govt
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who was the founder of taoism & his ideas?
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lao-Tzu, based on tao, way of nature, rule w/ iron fist, 3 virtues humility, frugality & contentment, believed less govt better
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what was the han known for?
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started by Liu Pang, 1st golden empire, Wu Ti famous empire, capital: changan, confucianism, tecnological development, i.e. seismograph, "leveling", china's civil service exam, pax sinica, buddhism
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what was "leveling" & chinese civil service exams?
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"leveling": buy crops in good years, sell in bad to prevent fluxuations in price
exams: standardized, highly important for future professions, based on intelligence |
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what was the pax sinica?
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CHinese peace, open silk routes, accomplished by military campaigns
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what were the 5 classics?
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c of songs, c of documents, c of changes, spring and autumn annals, ceremonies and rituals
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what were the sui known for?
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driving out huns, led by Yang Chien, reunite china, formed grand canal
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what were the tang known for?
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2nd golden empire of china, led by Li Yuan, civil service perfected, spread culture, poetry & arts, like Li Po & Tu Fu, buddhism
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what were the sung known for?
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restored order after tang fell, led by Chao K'uang-yin, good civilization, landscape paintings, porcelain, & barbarian problems
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what were the sungs barbarian problems?
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Khitan required annual tribute for not killing capital, jurchen moved behind & squished them, but split china in half
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how was china under the control of the mongols?
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under rule of Kublai kahn, contacts w rest of world opened, clash of cultures
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what was the ming known for?
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overthrew mongols & yuan (led by chu yuan-chang)sent naval expeditions then isolation, "Red Turban movement"
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what were the manchu known for?
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last to rule, opium war, Taiping rebellion, sino-japanese war, european "aid"
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why did china go into revolution?
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young chinese resented foreign influence, starts october 10, 1911, warlords pop up & sun yat-sen, nationalist leader, couldnt deal w/ them, steps down for shikai, may 4th movement
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who were important nationalist leaders?
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sun yat-sen, Yuan shikai, & CHiang kai-shek
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what were characteristics of early japan
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shinto main religion, adopted many chinese ideas, shogun have real power, chief military officer & controlled other areas, samurai protected land & shogun, daimyo landholders & higher social status than samurai
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what the fall of feudalism?
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oda nobunaga was top daimyo, made plans to take over china, succeeded, then had to withdraw, then tokugawa as shogunate adopted isolation
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whats important about tokugawa shoguns?
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stabilized japan, isolated japan, made peace w/ daimyo & samurai, commodre perry ended isolation w/ new technology, led to treaty of kanagawa, opening ports
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whats up w/ the Meiji govt?
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1889 constitution made diet, two houses, & overall gave more freedoms to people, but still an absolute monarchy
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and what about that imperialism?
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had limited resources, so import resources which was costly, so decided to get colonies, led to sino-japanese war
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so what was the sino-jap war?
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japan was winner, but russia, france & germany butted in and got land back & divided it up w/ britain
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how about japanese industrial revolution?
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mixed economy, heavy & light industries, eductaional reforms, poverty high, workers ignored, newest machines & methods
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kingdom of ghana was cool right?
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survived w/ salt & gold, matrilineal society, did trade w/o camel & camel was revolutionary,but fell into mali
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what is mali most known for?
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trade, reacehd peak w/ timbuktu & mansa mula
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what was the dowry system?
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family pay other family to marry daughter, and have to pay more if daughter died
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what happened to zimbabwe?
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population outstripped food supply, traded gold, built big structures
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who were swahili?
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brokers, overall culture, controlled sea & trade, spread islam for trading discounts
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Preconditions for industrial revolutions
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adequate raw materials, spirit of entrepreneurship, successful agricultural system, & source of capital to finance industries
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T or F: Death rate during industrial revolution was DECREASING due to medical technology
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True
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Effects of the Enclosure Movement
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Wealthy landowners fenced in "common lands", landless laborers moved to cities for work, & gov't demonstrated power to influence the IR
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Forms of capital
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land, money, machines
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Most earlier factories built near major:
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rivers
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Who most likely opposed laissez-faire?
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factory workers
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In order, what were the following men known for, James Watt, Henry COrt, & James Hargreaves
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Steam Engine, Puddling Furnace, Spinning Jenny
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The reform bills of 1832, 1867, And 1884 on GB resulted in
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extending the voting population
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Reforms of William Gladstone
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Education Act of 1870
Civil Service Reform of 1870 Secret Ballot Act of 1872 |
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Major features of capitalism
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Private ownership
Market economy Profit motive |
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Gruop that reacted to IR by smashing machinery & burning factory owners' houses
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Luddites
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Characteristics of Romantic Movement
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Attention was paid xlosely to feelings of love, beauty, nature, & things that could not rationally be explained
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What stage in the demographic transition model was the birth rate high & death rate low
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Stage 2- beginnings of Industrial Revolution
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What was the Dreyfus Affair?
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During 3rd French Republic, famous political crisis centered on accusations of treason vs. a French military officer
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T or F: Charles Dickens & Emile Zola were part of the Realist Movement
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True
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The Repeal of the Corn laws benefited which group?
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Factory workers
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A cause for the Crimean War was the French & British obejections to what?
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Russian foreign policy towards the Ottoman Empire
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Paris commune was supressed by whaqt army?
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French Army
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The Treaty of London was focused on which nation's neutrality?
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Belgium
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What did Saint Simon believe in?
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That the management of wealth by experts would alleviate poverty
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What did Owens believe in?
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A better & human industrial environment will increase productivity & profit
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Fourier set up what?
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Phalanxes & communities
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Marx believed in what?
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The conditions were the "roots of the tree" when it comes to conflict, & eventually after the revolution, their will be a classless society and no government
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Smith would have been against which philosophy?
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Philosophy of Mercantilism
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Who was Gladstone?
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Liberal Prime Minister who supported Irish Home Rule
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Malthus believed in what?
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The population will eventually outstrip the food supply
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What did Riccardo state?
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That is wages increase, so would population, so the wages should stay minimum
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Who was Cavour's most significant non Italian ally?
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Napoleon III
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The Risorgimento was the name of what?
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Movement to unify Italy & a reference to the great achievments of past Italians
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The Schleswig-Holstein question was an issue between who?
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Austria & Prussia
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What was the Dual Alliance of 1879?
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Defensive pact between Germany & Austria, adressed German concerns over growing anti-German sentiment in Russia, & the Italians will later join in 1882
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Prussia's defeat of Austria resulted in the creation of what
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the North German Confederation
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France was induced to declare war on Prussia in 1871 by what?
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Ems Dispatch
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Congress of Berlin resulted in what?
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Transfer of Cyprus from the Ottomans to the British, Recognition of Romani, Serbia, & Montenegro as independent states, & Austria gain of Bosnia & Herzegovina
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Who was the "Sick Man of Europe"?
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Ottoman Empire
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Why did Bismarck support universla male suffrage?
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He believed masses would back his conservative policies
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Who orchestrated the unification of Italy around Piedmont-Sardinia
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Cavour
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Which secret society under Mazzini believed work by Italians would bring unification?
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Young Italy
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Which army under Garibaldi helped overtake Naples & the end papal resistance?
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Red Shirts
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Who was the "Iron Chnacellor" who used realpolitik?
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Bismarck
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What did the Ausgleich create to help stabilize eastern central Europe?
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Dual Monarchy
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What were Russian peasant Communities?
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Mirs
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Bismarck assured what land as compensation to France for staying out of the Austro-Prussian war?
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Alsace & Lorraine
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Napoleon created what to conduct an econo mic war vs. GB?
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Continental System
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What was a key feature of the Napoleonic code?
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careers were open to those who demonstrated talent
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Liberals of the early 19th century sought what?
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constitutions, freedom of the press, & reprensentative governement
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Who was the dominate personality at the COngress of Vienna?
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Metternich
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The Decembrist revolt was led primarily by who?
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Military officers
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Why did the July Revolution of 1830 start?
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Charles X issued the four Ordinances
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What are the Carlsbad Decrees are an example of what?
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conservatism in action
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What were Prince Metternich's goals?
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Preventing French agression, restoring the balance of power in Europe, & restoring royal families tot he thrones of Europe
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T or F: Charles X enacted liberal reforms
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False, duh!
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Who was the Hungarian leader during the Revolutions of 1848?
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Louis Kossuth
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The revolutions of 1848 relcted whose interests?
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Liberlas, nationalists, & the middle class
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What was the Frankfurt Assembly?
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Delgates from the 39 germanic states interested in unification, created a liberal constitution.
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What were the revolts in Prague centered on?
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A desire to use Czech language in schools & businesses
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Why is Napoleon called "all things to men"
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he tried to please everyone, balanced favors to one group w/ favors to another.
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What did liberals advocate?
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Broader political participation, extend representation to propertied classes
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T or F: Louis Napoleon, ruled as king of a constitutional monarchy, who respected the wishes of the legislature.
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False
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Stateless societies in Africa were what?
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Organized around kinship & lacking the concentration of political power & authority
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When was the flying shuttle invented?
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1733
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When was the Wealth of Nations published?
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1776
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When was the Congress of Vienna?
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1815
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When was the July Revolution?
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1830
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When was the Communist Manifesto published?
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1848
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When did Henry Bessemer first use his converter?
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1856
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When did the Meiji Restoration begin?
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1868
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When was the Franco-Prussian War & the Italian Unification?
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1870
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When was the Republic of China declared, ending Imperial China?
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1912
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When was the Chinese communist party established?
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1921
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What was the order of French Rulers?
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Louis XVIII
Charles X Louis Phillippe National Assembly |
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Where was the Decembrist revolt & waht kind of revolt was it?
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It failed in Russia & was liberal
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What was the Spanish Revolt about?
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Ferdinand VIII promised the Verona Constitution, but didnt deliver, so it failed & was liberal
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Where was the July revolution & waht kind of revolt was it?
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It succeed in France vs. Charles X, & was liberal
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Where was the February Revolt
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It succeeded in removing Louis Phillippe from France
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What revolt happened in 1831?
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Belgium split from Holland, and is agreed as long as it stays neutral.
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What did Louis Napoleon do?
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He made the 2nd French Republic & then later Empire, encouraged IR, had a weakness for foreign affairs, Alsace & Lorraine lost to Geramany, & was ousted after the Franco-Prussian War
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What 6 things helped GB industrialize?
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Waterways
Resources Capital Labor Entrepreneurs High Population Gov't Support |
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What are some differences between domestic & industrial?
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Inventions, set work hours, no uniqueness, & bad conditions
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