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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Loess |
Floods deposit fine, dustlike material Loess turns river yellow Good for crops |
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2 Main rivers |
Huang- yellow Chang- Yangtze |
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Dynasty |
Ruling family that holds power for many years |
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Logograph |
Written character that represents a complete word or phrase |
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Shang Dynasty |
Earliest dynasty with a written record Started as farming villages along the Huang River Rose to power passing power from brother to brother |
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Oracle bones |
Transmitted info about Shang Dynasty Animal bones or turtle shells carved with written characters that Shang kings used to try to tell the future Pictographs and logographs instead of alphabet |
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Bronze |
Important for ceremonial purposes Like Fu Hao’s axe blades and art |
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Zhou dynasty |
Conquered the Shang Said Shang rulers had grown corrupt- their troops wouldn’t fight |
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Mandate of Heaven |
Heaven (highest form of nature) gave dynasties right to rule |
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Government |
King as center but more power to states and their nobles- most peasants |
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Advancements |
Crossbow Iron weapons Roads Coins |
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Warring states |
States once part of Zhou dynasty became independent Led by warlords (military rulers) |
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Spiritual Traditions |
Earth as a flat square with Heaven stretching above it Full of different spirits Spirits rule daily lives of people- both good and harmful Ancestor Spirits- protect and guide the living - honored by rituals |
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Confucianism |
Confucius - first teacher Said cause of disorder in Warring States was turning away from traditional roles and values Returning to those values could bring back order |
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Analects |
Teachings and wisdom of confucianism collected in Analects |
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Heart of Confucianism |
Stable, orderly society based on 5 relationships Father - son Elders care for and teach the young Children in return respects and obey (Filial piety) This relationship was the model for the other four Best way for ruler to lead people was by setting a good moral example |
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Daoism |
Dao - means “the way” or “the Laois path” The source of yin and yang, which are the two great forces at work in nature, balance between the yin and yang key to harmony and |
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Laozi |
Possible founder of Daoism His beliefs written in the Dao De Jing Goals - try to understand the Dao which is found in natural things like water / order comes when people keep to a simple life instead of wealth and power Different than Confucianism - not concerned with morals, rituals and education |
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Qin Dynasty |
Qin - a mountainous kingdom in NW China during late Zhou King Zheng defeated rival kingdoms and united China He declared himself Shi Huangdi = First Emperor Shi Huangdi unites China from Huang to Chang River Shi Huangdi constructed Great Wall along the northern border against invaders He standardized many aspects of daily life to unify economy and culture |
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Legalism |
Strong leader and legal system needs to create social order People must be forced to be good- by making & enforcing strict laws Uniform legal code - with severe punishments Censored ideas that the emperor thought dangerous or offensive Policies created a single nation in China but also led to rebellion that ended Qin Dynasty |
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Han Dynasty |
Liu Bang gained control of China and formed the Han Dynasty Believed that the cruel policies of the Qin caused them to lose their power Han emperors kept many Qin laws and policies to standardize Chinese life, but avoided the harsh rules that caused unrest They were influenced by Confucian scholars and ideals |
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Han Dynasty |
Liu Bang gained control of China and formed the Han Dynasty Believed that the cruel policies of the Qin caused them to lose their power Han emperors kept many Qin laws and policies to standardize Chinese life, but avoided the harsh rules that caused unrest They were influenced by Confucian scholars and ideals |
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Han Wudi’s Rule |
Han expanded China’s territory under Han Wudis Rule Strong central government- organs like a pyramid- many levels of government Civil Service- government employees were selected for their skills and knowledge- Exams One of the lasting contributions was the Silk Road It eventually collapsed due to fighting warlords and weakened central government |
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Silk Road |
Network of trade routes that crossed Asia Spread fortunes and ideas Named after most important export silk Silk - closely guarded Chinese secret Path for exchange of ideas- Chinese paper and Buddhism |
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Han Society |
China became more unified By following Qin policies that had standardized life in China Social order based on Confucian values Scholars, Artisans and Farmers ranked higher than merchants Family loyalty and respect for elders key values of Confucius and the Han - filial piety |
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Han Economy |
Peaceful and stable time - lower taxes than Shi Huangdi - China prospered Farmers were backbone of China’s economy - 90% of the population Iron production and salt mining operated as state monopolies which kept the producers and merchants from too much power and it funded the military |
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Han Society |
China became more unified By following Qin policies that had standardized life in China Social order based on Confucian values Scholars, Artisans and Farmers ranked higher than merchants Family loyalty and respect for elders key values of Confucius and the Han - filial piety |
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Han Economy |
Peaceful and stable time - lower taxes than Shi Huangdi - China prospered Farmers were backbone of China’s economy - 90% of the population Iron production and salt mining operated as state monopolies which kept the producers and merchants from too much power and it funded the military |
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Han Achievements |
China’s prosperity supported the arts and science Acupuncture pain relief with needles Seismometer detected earthquakes Wheelbarrow wooden ox human-powered cart Paper - most important not used widely at first but that changed in later dynasties |
