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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Macrobands and Microbands |
microband - small band macroband - large band Microbands would often join together to create macrobands when resources were abundant and then fracture off when resources were more scarce |
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Tehuacan Sequence |
-The rise from microbands to massive population -Documents the transition from hunter/gatherers to sedentary living |
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Teosinite |
Ancestor to corn |
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Seasonalility |
-seasons broke the year into broad resource-exploitation time periods |
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Scheduling |
scheduling a shift from one campsite to another based on the seasonal availability of food |
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Sedentism |
Settling in one place |
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Zohapilco |
-site occupied many times -possible ball court or dance area -community focused structure |
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Mokaya |
-1,800-1350bc -ball court, house mounds, chiefs house -Site: Paso de la Amada -defined by short painted bowls -first architectural inkling of change |
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Paso de la Amada |
A Mokaya culture site with a ball court, house mounds, and chiefs house -Built on mounds to avoid flooding |
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Rubber Ball Offering |
-rubber balls burnt in rituals |
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El Manatai |
-located in San Lorenzo -a hill with freshwater springs at its base -rituals were held and offerings left there |
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Wooden Figurines |
found at El Manatai |
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Covarrubias |
-artist -excavated Tlatilco -first to recognize that the Olmec predated the Maya |
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San Lorenzo |
-Olmec site -Some of the workshops were away from housing which suggests craft specialization |
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Colossal Heads |
-created by the Olmec -made of basalt -17 have been discovered |
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La Venta |
-Olmec site -Oil refinery built on top of it -8 degrees west of north -planned cities and ceremonial areas -many pyramid structures and tomb offerings -standing figurines |
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Colored Clay Platforms |
-in a pyramid in La Venta, layers of colored clay were discovered which represents the multiple layers of burials |
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Mosaic Mask |
-discovered in La Venta -Not a mask that is worn but is a mosaic shaped like a mask -may represent the relationship with the underworld |
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Tlatilco |
-in the highlands -discovered under a brickyard -Olmec figures found (contortionists and acrobats) -figures found predominately with women |
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Chalcatzingo |
Raining Dick Glyph |
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El Openo |
-West Mexico shaft tombs -Ball court figurines with no ball court present |
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Shaft Tombs |
Boot shaped shaft tombs that were looted often |
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Trepanation |
Drilling a hole in the skull |
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Oaxaca |
-valley with 3 arms -contains san jose magote |
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Tierras Largas |
-several small hamlets and one large village (san jose magote) |
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San Jose Magote |
-larger than other communities -150-200 people -wattle and daub -storage of produce (maize) -1 building that is larger than the rest (raised upon a platform, shines as white from plaster, in the center of the room is a pit for corn which shows redistribution) |
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Early Formative Period Indicators of Complexity |
1) village life 2) Regionalism 3) increasingly complex societies 4) Pottery 5) increasing population |
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Olmec |
-known for creating monuments -known as "the rubber people" |
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Teopantecuanitlan |
-temple of the wild beast -first evidence of sunken courtyard and mini ball court -sweatbath -first evidence of corbelled arch/vault which becomes a staple of maya architecture |
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Rosario Phase (site: San Jose Magote) |
-Very large population, set of public buildings mounted on platforms -evidence of monuments, human sacrifice, 260 day calendar |
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Olmec Style |
-immense platforms -human-beast hybrid art -infants and children often depicted -downward mouth -cleft head -origin of jaguar style |
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Jaguars and Elites |
Would sacrifice Jaguars when Elites died -rulers would have pelt adornments and have their pelts lining their thrones |
