Anat/phys/biochem Lab 4 And Lab 5 - Lens, Retina, Zonules, Vitreous Histology

Front 1

this final layer of the retina is the interface b/t retina and vitreous

Back 1

internal limiting membrane

Front 2

the deep capillary network is located in this layer

Back 2

inner nuclear layer (INL)

Front 3

the cell bodies of bipolar, horizontal, amacrine, Muller and interplexiform neuronal cell are located in this layer

Back 3

inner nuclear layer (INL)

Front 4

sometimes a series of light and dark bars may be seen w/i this layer calle the middle limiting membrane

Back 4

outer plexiform layer (OPL)

Front 5

this layer contains synapses b/t the photoreceptors and bipolar and horizontal cells (processes and axons that synapse, Mullwr and sympathetic densities)

Back 5

outer plexiform layer (OPL)

Front 6

this is the first sympathetic layer of the retina

Back 6

outer plexiform layer (OPL)

Front 7

this segment is a line of zonula adherens b/t photoreceptor an Muller cells, b/t photoreceptor, and b/t Muller cells

Back 7

external limiting membrane

Front 8

this layer contains the outer and inner segments of the rods and cones

Back 8

photoreceptor layer

Front 9

This is a single layer of hexagonal cells, located next to Bruch's membrane of the choroid

Back 9

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)

Front 10

in this layer you can note how THICK it becomes in the area of the optic nerve

Back 10

nerve fiber layer

Front 11

this layer consists of the axons of the ganglion cells

Back 11

nerve fiber layer

Front 12

in this layer exists sympathetic connections b/t amacrines and ganglion or bipolar cells

Back 12

inner plexiform layer (IPL)

Front 13

this is the second synaptic layer and contains the synaptic connections b/t bipolar axons and the dendrites of ganglion cells and sympathetic connections b/t amacrine and ganglion or bipolar cells

Back 13

inner plexiform layer (IPL)

Front 14

in this layer it is difficult to differentiate the cell types except perhaps by location

Back 14

inner nuclear layer (INL)

Front 15

w/i the outer plexiform layer there is a "membrane" that is not a true membrane but contains a series of sympathetic densities

Back 15

middle limiting membrane

Front 16

w/i the outerplexiform layer, sometimes exists the "membrane" which is a series of light and dark bars

Back 16

middle limiting membrane

Front 17

Located in this layer are photoreceptor inner fibers, bipolar dendrites, and horizontal cell processes

Back 17

outer plexiform layer (OPL)

Front 18

since the cells are joined by zonula occludens this is one site of the blood-retinal barrier

Back 18

retinal pigmented epithelium

Front 19

what is the layer that if followed to the periphery you can note how it thins and merges w/ the nerve fiber layer

Back 19

ganglion cell layer

Front 20

throughout most of the retina this layer is one cell thick, but two cells thick at the temporal side of the disc

Back 20

ganglion cell layer

Front 21

this layer contains the cell bodies of the photoreceptor cells (and is the first layer of nuclei)

Back 21

outer numclear layer (ONL)

Front 22

this "layer" has the appearance of a dashed line and seems to be a fenestrated membrane but is not an actual membrane

Back 22

external limiting membrane

Front 23

this layer seems to have a striated appearance with the segments running perpendicular to the surface of the retina

Back 23

photoreceptor layer

Front 24

in a retinal detachment this layer will remain attached to the choroid

Back 24

retinal pigmented epithelium

Front 25

these cells are filled with melanin and should appear a brown color

Back 25

retinal pigmented epithelium

Front 26

where in the retina does the diameter of the nerve increase posterior to the lamina w/ the addition of myelin around the individual nerve fibers and CT septa around the bundles

Back 26

the optic nerve

Front 27

how are the nerve fibers arranged in the lamina cribrosa where they are sparated anterior to the lamina by the glial tissue?

Back 27

the nerve fibers are arranged into bundles

Front 28

in this section of the optic nerve the nerve fibers are arranged into bundles w/ glial tissue separating them anterior to the lamina

Back 28

lamina cribrosa

Front 29

this tissue is a dense connective tissue in the meningeal sheath of the optic nerve

Back 29

dura mater

Front 30

w/i the macular region the nerve fiber layer, the ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer and the inner nuclear layer are displaced away from the ___ and therefore are much thicker in the periphery of the macular region

Back 30

foveola

Front 31

on the demonstration slide, note that the nerve fiber layer, the ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, and the inner nuclear layer are displaced away from the ____ in the macular region

Back 31

foveola

Front 32

this region is a thick ganglion cell layer of the macular region of the retina

Back 32

fovea centralis region

Front 33

in this region, several layers are displaced from the fovea centralis region

Back 33

macular region

Front 34

this is the final layer of the retina and is considered an actual membrane

Back 34

internal limiting membrane

Front 35

how does the diameter of the nerve change posterior to the lamina w/ the addition of myelin around the individual nerve fibers

Back 35

the diameter increases

Front 36

what type of tissue separates the nerve fibers anterior to the lamina in the lamina cribrosa

Back 36

glial tissue

Front 37

this tissue is a thin vascular membrane of the meningeal sheath of the optic nerve

Back 37

pia mater

Front 38

this connective tissue is loose tissue w/i the meningeal sheath of the optic nerve

Back 38

arachnoid

Front 39

surrounding this structure are the meningeal sheaths: the dura mater which is a dense connective tissue, the arachnoid is loose connective tissue, and the pia mater is a thin vascular membrane

Back 39

optic nerve

Front 40

in this layer the cone inner fibers must travel obliquely to synapse w/ the cells of the INL

Back 40

Henle's fiber layer

Front 41

this transparent layer is an unusually thick basement membrane that encloses the lens epithelium and lens fibers

Back 41

lens capsule

Front 42

this layer of cuboidal cells lies inner to the anterior and equatorial capsule but does not exist under the posterior capsule b/c the posterior epithelium used embryonic development to form the primary lens fibers

Back 42

lens epithelium

Front 43

near the lens equator, the epithelial cells of the lens epithelium, undergo frequent mitosis in what zone?

Back 43

the germinal zone

Front 44

in the germinal zone of the lens epithelium cells divide into an ____ cell that remains cuboidal and an ____ displaced cell which elongates toward the poles becoming secondary lens fibers

Back 44

external cell that remains cuboidal shape and an internally displaced cell

Front 45

these fibers are elongated lens cells and fill the lens

Back 45

lens fibers

Front 46

this structure shows an arcuate continuation (theoretical) line, evident in the newer fibers at the equator of the lens fibers

Back 46

lens bow

Front 47

these form the individual fibers of the suspensory ligament

Back 47

zonule of zinn

Front 48

these thread-like fibers arise from the pars plana and the valleys b/t the cilliary processes, run anteriorly through the posterior chamber to the lens where each fiber splits, and merges w/ the fibers of the lens capsule

Back 48

zonule of zinn

Front 49

these fibers are composed of fibrillin and although they are highly elastic they have no true elastic fibers

Back 49

zonule of zinn

Front 50

this structure is over 99% H2O and stains poorly

Back 50

vitreous

Front 51

the orange peal appearance seen under specular reflection in a biomicroscope

Back 51

lens shagreen

Front 52

these two sutures are located in the fetal nucleus

Back 52

the anterior erect and posterior inverted Y sutures

Front 53

this is a remnant of the embryological development on the posterior lens surface

Back 53

Mittendorf's dot