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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
abdominal cavity
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superior part of the abdominopelvic cavity including STOMACH, LIVER, INTESTINES, AND OTHER ORGANS
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proteins
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essential for building cell structures
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effector
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provides the means for the control center's response(output) to the stimulus; travels along the efferent pathway
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spinal cavity
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extends from the cranial cavity to the end of the vertebral column; contains the spinal cord and is protected by the vertebrae
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nutrients
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food , contain the chemicals used for energy and cell building
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anatomy
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study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts
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iliac regions
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INGUINAL, located lateral to the hypogastric region
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vitamins and minerals
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required for chemical reactions that go on in cells and for oxygen transport in the blood
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maintaining boundaries
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separation of the "inside" from the "outside"
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hierarchy of structural organization
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another name for levels of structural organization
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parasagittal section
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cut made along the lengthwise or lonitudinal plane of the body, dividing the body into right and left parts
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stimuli
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changes in homeostasis
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homeostasis
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the body's ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outsde world is continuously changing; indicates a steady state of equilibrium, or a balance in which internal conditions change and vary, but always within relatively narrow limits; when an organisms' nees are being adequately met and it is functioning smoothly, healthy
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growth
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an increase in size, usually accomplished by an increase in the number of cells
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ventral body cavity
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larger cavity composing the anterior view of the human body
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oxygen
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required by all the chemical reactions that release enery from foods; makes up 20% of the air and makes it available to the blood and body cells by the respiratory and cardiovascular systems
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organ level
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structures, composed of two or more tissue types, that perform a specific function for the body(organs)
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organ system level
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system level, a group of organs that cooperate to accomplish a common purpose
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excretion
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the process of removing excreta or wastes from the body
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metabolism
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broad term that refers to all chemical reactions that occur within body cells
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irritability
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another name for responsivess
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anatomical position
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standard body position
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carbohydrates
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major energy-providing fuel for body cells
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chemical level
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simplest level of the strutural ladder(molecular level)
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tissue level
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groups of similar cells that have a common function(tissues)
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dorsal body cavity
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cavity composing the posterior view of the human body
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responsiveness
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the ability to sense changes(stimuli) in the environment and then to respond to them
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cellular level
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the smallest units of all living things; basic structural and functional units of life
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negative feedback mechanism
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the net effect of the response to the stimulus is to shut off the original stimulus or reduce its intensity, most common
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lumbar regions
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located lateral to the umbilical region LOIN
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transverse section
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when the cut is made along a horizontal plane, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts; horizontal section; provides a cross section at any point of the body
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molecules
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combinations of atoms
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umbilical region
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the centermost region, deep to and surrounding the umbilicus,naval
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water
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accounts for 60-80% of body weight; accounts for the single most abundant chemical substance in the body and provides the fluid base for body secretions and excretions
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epigastric region
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located superioir to the umbilical region
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midsagittal section
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median section, when the cut is made so that the right and left halves of the body are equal in size
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abdominopelvic cavity
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inferior subdivision
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pleural cavity
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lateral body cavity that houses the lungs
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structure determins function
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the parts of the body form a well-organized unit and each of those parts has a job to do to make the body operate as a whole
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movement
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includes all activities promoted by the muscular system
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cranial cavity
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the space within the bony skull; contains the brain
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physiology
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the study of how the body and its parts work or function;
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body temperature
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must be maintained at 37 degrees Celsius or 98.6F
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control center
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determines the set point(level or range)at which a variable is to be maintained, analyzes the info it receives and then determines the appropriate response or course or action
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organismal level
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organism, group of organ systems that function to form a complete and entire living thing
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equilibrium
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a balance in which internal conditions change and vary
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pericardial cavity
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encloses the heart
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section
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cut made
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atmospheric pressure
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the force exerted on the surface of the body by the weight of air
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parasagittal section
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when the cut is made along the same axis but it does not give you exactly left and right halves
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positive feedback mechanism
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the net effect of the response to the stimulus is to increase the original disturbance (stimulus) and to push the variable farther; relatively rare in the body
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mediastinal cavity
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located superioir to the heart and between the upper lobes of the lungs
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frontal section
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when the cut is made along the lengthwise plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts; also called the coronal section
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digestion
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the process of breaking down ingested food into simple molecules that can then be absorbe into the blood for delivery to all body cells
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fats
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cushion body organs and provide reserve fuel
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hypogastric region
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located inferior to the umbilical region
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reproduction
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the production of offspring
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atoms
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tiny building blocks of matter
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plane
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an imaginary line used when the section is made through the body wall or through an organ
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pelvic cavity
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inferior part of the abdominopelvic cavity including the reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and rectum
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