Anatomy Week 8: Peritoneum & Gi Tract

Front 1

alimentary canal extends from __________ to __________ and has how many histological layers?

Back 1

oral cavity to anus

Front 2

GI tract contains (5)

Back 2

distal esophagus
stomach
small/large intestines
rectum

Front 3

Function of the GI tract

Back 3

digestion/absorption of nutrients

Front 4

3 divisions of GI tract and associated glands

Back 4

foregut - distal esophagus to duodenal (?) sphincter
midgut - rest of duodenum to transverse colon
hindgut - descending colon to rectum

(based on blood supply)

Front 5

What lines the internal surface of the abdominal body wall and cover the viscera

Back 5

Serous peritoneum: parietal peritoneum (on body wall) and visceral peritoneum (viscera)

Front 6

space between the visceral and parietal peritoneum

Back 6

Peritoneal cavity. Contains only serous fluid

Front 7

Organs suspended from posterior body wall (4).

What are they suspended by

What is the function of what they are suspended by?

Back 7

jejunum, ileum, transverse/sigmoid colon

mesentery (double layer of peritoneum)

permits mobility and conducts nerves and vessels to organs

Front 8

retroperitoneal organs (4)

(and definition)

Back 8

duodenum, pancreas, ascending/descending colons

fused with posterior body wall at some point in development

Front 9

Bile:
Synthed by
Flows from ____ to _____
function
stored and concentrated where

Back 9

-synthed by liver hepatocytes
-flows from liver to duodenum
-emulsifies fat
-stored in gall bladder

Front 10

What carries digestive enzymes from the pancreas to the duodenum

Back 10

main pancreatic duct

Front 11

Spleen is classified as ________ structure based on _________ __________, however is not a derivative of the ______________

Back 11

forgut; blood supply; gut tube

Front 12

What supplies oxygenated blood to the GI tract/accessory organs

Back 12

-celiac trunk
-superior mesenteric artery
-inferior mesenteric artery

UNBRANCHED!!!

Front 13

Venous drainage from GI tract flows into __________

Back 13

hepatic portal vein

Front 14

how do hepatocytes receive nutrients and oxygen?

Back 14

nutrient-rich blood from the HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN mixes with oxygenated blood from the CELIAC TRUNK in SINUSOIDS between PLATES OF HEPATOCYTES

Front 15

What controls the GI tract?

Back 15

Enteric nervous system:
-neurons in gut wall
-modulated by ANS

Front 16

Preganglionic ____________________ nerves synapse in ganglia associated w/ _________. Where do postganglionic neurons travel to

Back 16

-thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves
-3 gut arteries
-periatrial plexus

Front 17

Where does the (original?) innervation to the foregut and midgut come from?

Back 17

vagus nerve

Front 18

Hindgut is innervated (?) by

Back 18

pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4)

Front 19

Where are postganglionic parasympathetic nerves located?

Back 19

w/in gut wall

Front 20

What does mesentary attach?

Omentum?

Back 20

-organ to wall (2 layers of peritoneum)

-organ to organ

Front 21

Where is the access to the lesser sac?

Back 21

Behind the stomach -> omental (?) foramen

Front 22

Location (quadrant):
Liver
Stomach
Small intestines
Pancreas
Spleen

Back 22

-UR
-UL
-all over (lower mainly)
-URish?
-UL

Front 23

What is the joint between the small intestines and cecum?

Back 23

iliocecal valve

Front 24

Duodenum:
attachment
features
vessels received

Back 24

-Mostly retroperitoneal (except beginning w/ the hepatoduodenal lig.)
-(pyloric sphinctor)
-common bile duct, main pancreatic duct

Front 25

mesocolons

Back 25

mesentary attached to the colon

Front 26

Large Intestine: features (3)

Back 26

Tenia coli - a 3 stripe band of muscle running longitudinally down the middle
Haustra - bulges "house" the poop
-(appendix)
Epiploic/omental appendices - fat hanging off

Front 27

What ligament(s) are found between the R&L lobes of the liver?

Back 27

-falciform ligament

-Ligamentum teres: remnant of umbilical vein

Front 28

Liver lobes

Back 28

Left, right, caudate, quadrate

Front 29

Porta hepatis

Back 29

-Portal vein
-Hepatic artery
Common hepatic duct

Front 30

through what vessel does venous blood travel a)in, and b)out of the liver?

Back 30

-portal vein (in)

-hepatic vein (out)

Front 31

branching of common bile duct

Back 31

Common bile & cystic duct (gall bladder) <- common hepatic duct <- left/right hepatic ducts?

Front 32

Flow of bile

Back 32

hepatocytes (liver)
R/L hepatic ducts
common hepatic duct
common bile duct
major duodenal papilla

Front 33

Celiac trunk branches (3)

Back 33

Splenic artery
Left gastric artery
common hepatic artery

Front 34

Portal vein:
major tributaries (3)

capillary sets (2)

Back 34

-splenic vein
-inf mesenteric vein
-superior mesenteric vein

-GI wall
-Liver sinusoids

Front 35

Parasymp nerves tend to innervate?

Symp?

Back 35

-smooth muscle, glandular secretion

-smooth muscle, blood vessels