Anatomy Week 7: Mediastinum Part Deux

Front 1

Anterior mediastinum:
Location?
Filled with?

Back 1

-anterior to heart
-btw sternum, pericardial sac
-filled with adipose, connective tissue

Front 2

middle mediastinum

Back 2

heart, pericardial sac

Front 3

Superior mediastinum:
Location?
Contains (generally: 3)?

Back 3

-btw root of neck and pericardial sac
-Thymus, great vessels, nerves (phrenic, vagus)

Front 4

Thymus:
Location
Produces

Back 4

-Superior mediastinum, partially into anterior mediastinum
-produces T-lymphocytes

Front 5

Branches off of aorta

Back 5

Ascending Aorta:
-coronary arteries (2?)
Aortic Arch:
-brachiocephalic artery
-lt common carotid
-lt subclavian

Front 6

Phrenic nerve:
Origin
Location
Function

Back 6

-C3, 4, 5
-Runs parallel to pericardial sac, anterior to root of lung
-motor innervation of diaphram, visceral sensory innervation of parietal (?) pleura

Front 7

Sup. Mediast.:
Great vessels of the heart

Back 7

aorta, pulmonary trunk, superior vena cava

Front 8

Vagus Nerve:
Origin
Location
Function
Gives rise to

Back 8

-CX
-Sup. Medias., dorsat to root of lung.
-gives rise to recurrent laryngeal artery

Front 9

Left recurrent laryngeal nerve:
Origin
Location

Back 9

-vagus nerve
-hooks underneath aortic arch (behind ligamentum arteriosum)

Front 10

Carina

Back 10

-ridge, canted a little toward left
-located at bronchi bifurcation

Front 11

Posterior mediastinum:
Location
Important vessels (7)

Back 11

-posterior to pericardial sac
-Descending aorta
-Azygous veins
Esophagus (vagal plexus)
-Thoracic duct
-Sympathetic trunks (splanchnic nerves)
-sup/inf vena cava

Front 12

Location of thoracic duct

Back 12

-post mediastinum
-btw azygos and aorta (anterior to aorta)

Front 13

Splanchnic nerves branch off of the _____

Back 13

sympathetic trunk

Front 14

branches into the sup. vena cava

Back 14

(rt/lt) subclavian and jugular --> (rt/lt) braciocephalic --> sup. vena cava (--> right atrium)

Front 15

Azygous vein:
formed by
passes
drains into

Back 15

Right side:
-formed by lumbar vein, intercostal veins
-passes post to lung root.
intercostal veins.
-drains into Sup. vena cava

Front 16

Hemiazygous veins

Back 16

Lt side:
-inf/sup hemiazygous veins.
-Join inf vena cava at about T8.
-Cross midline at about T8 and drain into azygous vein.

Front 17

Thoracic duct:
origin
location
drains into
appearance

Back 17

-arises from cisterna chyli (in abd.), (also has smaller rt lymphatic duct that drains rt arm, head, neck)
-post to esoghagus, ant to vertebral column, between azygous and hemiazygous veins
-drains into lt internal jugular vein/lt subclavian vein
-flat, thin whitish ribbon

Front 18

cisterna chyli

Back 18

drains lymph out of digestive system

Front 19

Lymph nodes in thorax

Back 19

-along descending trachea, esp. at bifurcation and hilus of each lung.
-also along esophagus, descending aorta, vertebral column

Front 20

Nerves of the thorax (5)

Back 20

-intercostal nerves
-sympathetic trunk
-splanchnic nerves
-phrenic nerve
-vagus nerve

Front 21

What type of sensory fibers do splanchnic nerves contain and what do they innervate?

Back 21

visceral motor and sensory. To the gut they also contain parasympathetic fibers.

Innervate viscera

Front 22

Greater splanchnic nerve:
Origin
Location
Synapse
Innervates (2)

Back 22

-T1-T7ish
-curves around to the anterior of the vertebral column in the abdomen.
-Descends to synapse with celiac ganglia
-enteric nervous system (foregut), adrenal medulla (catecholamine)

Front 23

Splanchnic nerves of the mediastinum:
identify
Basic description (4)

Back 23

greater (T1-7ish), lesser (T8-10ish), least (T11-12ish)
-preganglionic sympathetic fibers
-continuations of white rami communicantes that DO NOT SYNAPSE in symp chain
-pass into abdomen w/ aorta
-synapse on abd. aorta

Front 24

Lesser splanchnic nerve:
Origin
Location
Synapse
Innervates

Back 24

-T8-T10ish
-inferior and lateral to greater nerve.
-Synapses at celiac ganglia, or aortocorenal ganglia
-innervates midgut

Front 25

Least splanchnic nerve:
Origin
Synapse

Back 25

-T11-12 ish
-synapses in renal ganglia

Front 26

Phrenic nerve:
Location

Back 26

posterior to brachiocephalic veins/sup vena cava, anterior to everything else (aortic arch, pulm arteries, root of lung, pericardium)

Front 27

Vagus nerve:
Origin
Fibers
Location
Branches

Back 27

-CX
-parasymp to thorax and abdomen
-posterior to brachiocephalic veins, but anterior to arteries
-recurrent (inferior laryngeal nerves, esophageal plexus)

Front 28

Left recurrent laryngeal:
Origin
Location
Innervates

Back 28

-Vagus nerve
-loops under arch of aorta BEHIND lig. arteriosum. ascend along side of trachea to larynx (along with rt.)
-larynx?

Front 29

Right recurrent laryngeal nerve:
Origin
Location
Innervates

Back 29

-Vagus nerve
-loops under rt subclavian artery. Lies in groove btw trachea and esoghagus
-larynx?