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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pectoralis major |
Form anterior axillary fold; divided into clavicular and sternal parts O- sternal end of clavical, sternum, ribs 1-6 I- greater tubercle of humerus Prime mover of arm flexion, adduction, pull ribcage upward lateral and medial pectoral nerves (C5-C8 & T1) |
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Deltoid |
Multipennate muscle O- embraces insertion of the trapezius, lateral third of clavical; acromion and spine of scapula I- deltoid tuberosity of humerus Prime mover of arm abduction Axillary nerve (c5 and c6) |
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Subscapularis |
Forms part of the posterior wall of axilla; tendon of insertion passes in front of shoulder joint; rotator cuff muscle O-subscapular fossa of scapula I- lesser tubercle of humerus Chief medial rotator Subscapular nerves (c5-c7) |
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Supraspinatus |
O-supraspinatus fossa of scapula I- superior part of greater tubercle of humerus Helps prevent downward dislocation of humerus; assists with abduction Suprascapular nerve |
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Infraspinatus |
rotator cuff muscle O-infraspinatus fossa of scapula I-greater tubercle of humerus rotates humerus laterally Suprascapular nerve |
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Teres Minor |
rotator cuff muscle O-lateral boarder of dorsal scapular surface I- Greater tubercle of humerus rotates humerus laterally; adducts arm axillary nerve |
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Teres Major |
located inferior to teres minor; helps form posterior wall of axilla along with lat doors and subscapularis O-posterior surface of scapula at inferior angle I- intertubular sulcus of humerus; insertion tendon fused with that of latissimus dorsi lower subscapular nerve (C6 and C7) |
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Coracobrachialis |
O- coracoid process of scapula I- medial surface of humerus shaft Flexion and adduction of humerus; musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7) |
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Triceps brachii |
Only muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm; three head origin; long and lateral heads lie superficial to medial head O- long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; lateral head: posterior shaft of humerus; medial head posterior humeral shaft I- by common tendon into olecranon process of ulna powerful forearm extensor radial nerve (c6-c8) |
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Aconeus |
short triangle muscle; closely associated with distal end of triceps O-lateral epicondyle of humerus I-lateral aspect of olecranon process of ulna abducts ulna during forearm pronation; synergist of triceps in elbow extension |
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biceps brachii |
two-headed fusiform muscle; bellies unite in insertion; tendon of long head stabilizes shoulder joint O-short head: coracoid process; long head: tubercle above the lip of glenoid cavity; tendon of long head runs within capsule and into inter tubercular sulcus of humerus I-common tendon into radial tuberosity musculoskeletal nerve (c5 and c6) |
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brachialis |
strong muscle deep to biceps O-front of distal humerus I- coronoid process of ulna Major forearm flexor musculocutenous nerve (c5&c6) |
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brachioradialis |
superficial of lateral forearm; forms lateral boundary of antecubital fossa O-lateral supracodylar ridge at distal end of humerus I- base of styloid process of radius flexion Radial nerve- important exception; the radial nerve typically serves extensor muscles |
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Pronator Teres |
forms medial boundaries of antecubital fossa O-Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna I- by common tendon into lateral radius, mid shaft pronates forearm median nerve |
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Flexor carpi radialis |
Runs diagonally across forearm O-medial epicondyle of humerus I- Base of second and third metatarsals; insertion tendon is easily seen and is used as a guide to find radial artery Powerful flexor of wrist; abducts hand Median nerve |
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Palmaris longus |
O- medial epicondyle of humerus I-palmar aponeurosis weak wrist flexor Median nerve |
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Flexor carpi ulnaris |
most medial muscle of this group; 2 headed; ulnar nerve lies lateral to its tendon O-medial epicondyle of humerus; olecranon process and posterior surface of ulna I-pisiform and hamate bones and base of fifth metacarpal Powerful flexor of wrist; also adducts hand ulnar nerve (c7 and C8) |
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flexor digitorum superficialis |
Two headed muscle O- medial epicondyle of humerus; coronoid process of ulna; shaft of radius I- by four tendons into the middle phalanges of fingers 205 Flexes wrist and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5; the important finger flexor when speed and flexion against resistance are required Median nerve (C7,C8 andT1) |
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Flexor Pollicis longus |
O-anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane I-distal phalanx of thumb Flexes distal phalanx of thumb
median nerve |
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flexor digitorum profundus |
extensive origin; overlain entirely by flexor digitorum superficially O-coronoid process, anteromedial surface of ulna, and interosseous membrane I-by four tendons into distal phalanges of fingers 2-5 slow acting flexor: only muscle that can flex distal interphalangeal joints medial half by ulnar nerve, lateral half by median nerve |
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pronator quadratus |
deepest muscle of distal forearm; only muscle that arises solely from the ulna and inserts soley into the radius O-distal portion of anterior ulna shaft I- distal surface of anterior radius median nerve |
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extensor carpi radialis longus |
parallels brachioradialis on lateral forearm, may blend with it O-lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus I- base of second metatarsal extends wrist radial nerve |
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extensor carpi radialis brevis |
O-lateral epicondyle of humerus I-base of third metacarpal extends and abducts wrist; acts synergistically with ex deep branch of radial nerve |
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Extensor digitorum |
a portion called digiti minim extends to little finger O-lateral epicondyle of humerus I- by four tendons into extensor expansions and distal phalanges of 2-5 |
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extensor carpi ulnaris |
Most medial and superficial of extensor muscles O-lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna I- base fifth metacarpal extends and adducts wrist Posterior interosseous nerve |
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Supinator |
deep muscle at posterior aspect of elbow O-lateral epicondyle of humerus I-proximal end of radius Assists biceps brachia to forcibly supinate forearm; works alone in slow supination Posterior interosseous nerve |
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Extensor pollicis brevis and longus |
Deep muscle pair with a common origin and action O-dorsal shaft of radius and ulna I-base of proximal (braves) and distal (longs) phalanx of thumb extends thumb posterior interosseous nerve |
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Extensor indicis |
O-posterior surface of distal ulna; interosseous membrane I-extensor expansion of index finger, joins tendon of extensor digitorum Extends index finger and assists in wrist extension Posterior interosseous nerve |
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Abductor pollicis brevis |
Lateral muscle of thinner group; superficial O- flexor retinaculum and nearby carpals I- lateral base of thumb's proximal phalanx Abducts thumb at carpometacarpal joint median nerve |
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Flexor pollicis brevis |
Medial and deep muscle of thenar group O-flexor retinaculum I-Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb flexes thumb at carpometacarpal and metacarophalangeal joints Median |
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Opponens pollicis |
deep to abductor policies braves on metacarpal 1 O-flexor retinaculum and trapezium I-whole anterior side of metacarpal 1 opposition: moves thumb to touch tip of little finger Median |
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Adductor pollicis |
Fan-shaped with horizontal fibers; distal to other thenar muscles; oblique and transverse O-capitate bone and bases of metacarpals 2-4, front of metacarpal 3 I-medial side of proximal phalanx of thumb adducts and helps oppose thumb ulnar nerve |
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abductor digiti minimi |
medial muscle of hypothenar group O-pisiform I-medial side of proximal phalanx of little finger Abducts little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint ulnar nerve |
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flexor digiti minimi |
lateral deep muscle of hypothenar group O- hamate bone I-medial side of proximal thanx of little finger Flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint ulnar nerve |
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Opponens digiti minimi |
deep to abductor digit minim O-hamate Most of length of medial side of metacarpal 5 helps in opposition: brings metacarpal 5 toward thumb to cup the hand
ulnar nerve |
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lumbricals |
four worm shaped muscles in palm, one to each finger but the thumb; unusual because they originate from the tendons of another muscle group O-lateral side of each tendon of flexor digitorum profunus I-later edge of extensor expansion on first phalanx of fingers 2-5 flex fingers at metacarpophalangeal joints but extend fingers at interphalangeal joints median nerve for lateral two and ulnar nerve for medial two |
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Palmar interossei |
four long cone shaped muscles in the spaces between the metacarpals; lie ventral to dorsal interpose O- the side of each metacarpal that faces the midaxis of the hand but metacarpal 3- it is absent I- extensor expansion on each finger except finger 3 adductor of fingers ulnar nerve |
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dorsal interossei |
Four bipinnate muscles filling the spaces between the metacarpals; deepest palm muscles O-sides of metacarpals I-extensor expansion over first phalanx of fingers 2-4 abduct fingers ulnar nerve |
