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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many bones make up the vertebral column?
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26
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How many true vertebrae are there?
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24
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How many total vertebrae are there?
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33
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List the five funcitons of the vertebral column
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vertical support
support head upright position weight transfer protect spinal cord and allow passage of spinal nerves |
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From superior to inferior list the five regions and note how many vertebrae are in each
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cervical 7
thoracic 12 lumbar 5 sacral 5 coccygeal 4 |
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from superior to inferior list the four curvatures of the spine as seen in a lateral view
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cervical
thoracic lumbar sacral |
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what curves develop in the womb?
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primary
-thoracic -sacral |
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what curves develop after birth?
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secondary
-cervical -lumbar |
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What is the anterior, cylindrical weight-bearing portion of a vertebra?
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body
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what two lateral structures of a vertebra formt he pillars of the passageway for the spinal cord?
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pedicles
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On a vertebra what structures extend from the lateral pillars to the midline?
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laminae
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Together the posteriorly projecting pillars and the extensions to the midline form what structure?
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vertebral arch
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together the posteriorly projecting pillars and the extensions to the midline form what passageway within a vertebra?
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vertebral foramen
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The vertebrae form what collective passageway for the spinal cord?
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vertebral canal
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adjacent vertebrae form what passageways for spinal nerves?
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Intervertebral foramina
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what posteriorly projecting structures of the vertebrae can be palpated?
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spinous processes
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What lateral projections occur on each vertebra
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transverse processes
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what processes of a vertebra form synovial joints with the vertebrae immediately superior and inferior it?
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articular processes
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what smooth, flat articualr surfaces occur on a vertebra?
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articular facets
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What are the pads of fibrocartilage between vertebrae?
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intervetebral discs
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what is the outer ring of fibrocartilage within an intervertebral disc?
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annulus fibrosus
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What is the inner, circular region of an intervertebral disc?
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nucleus pulposus
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What is the relative size of the cervical vertebrae?
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small
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What is the shape of the spinous processes of C1-C6?
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Bifid
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What openings in the cervical vertebrae allow the passage of the vertebral arteries and veins?
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transverse foramina
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What is another anatomical term for C1?
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atlas
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What is another anatomical term for C2?
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axis
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During development of the body of C1 fuses to C2 to form what structure?
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Dens
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What is another anatoical term for spinous process of C7?
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Vertebra prominens
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What is the general shape of the bodies of T1-T12?
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Heart
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What is a distinguish characteristic of many of the thoracic vertebrae?
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long, inferiorly projecting spinour process
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Thoracic vertebrae can be distinguished from all other vertebrae by what features?
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costal facets or demifacets
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What direction are the articular surfaces of the thoracic vertebrae oriented?
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anterior and posterior, movement anterior and posterior
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what is the general shape of the bodies of lumbar vertebrae?
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oval
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What are characteristics of the spinour processes of the lumbar vertebrae?
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thick, directed posteriorly
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What direction are the articular surfaces of the lumbar vertebrae oriented
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medial and lateral
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What is the anatomical term for the anterior, superior bulge of the sacrum?
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sacral promontory
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What paired openings occur on the anterior surface of the sacrum?
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anterior sacral foramina
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The spinous processes of the sacrum form what structure?
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median sacral crest
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What are the paired openins on the posterior side of the sacrum?
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Posterior sacral foramina
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What lateral structures of the sacrum articulate with the ossa coxae?
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auricular surface
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What structures make up the thoracic cage?
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ribs
sternum |
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What is the anatomical term for the breastbone?
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sternum
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What are the three main parts of the sternum?
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manubrium
body xyphoid process |
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What are the depressions on the sternum for the articulation of the clavicles
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clavicular notches
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What is the shallow, superior depression on the sternum?
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sternal notch
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What depressions on the sternum do the ribs articulate with?
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costal notches
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What palpable feature lies at the articulation of the manubrium and the body of the sternum
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sternal angle
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How manly ribs are there?
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12 pairs=24
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What ribs have their costal cartilages directly articulated with the sternum?
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true ribs
7 pairs |
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What ribs do not have their costal cartilages directly articulated with the sternum?
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false ribs
7 pairs |
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What type of rib has no connection with the sternum?
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floating ribs
2 pairs |
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What part of a rib articulates witht he body of a vertebra?
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head
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What part of a rib articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra?
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tubercle
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what part of a rib lies between the head and tubercle
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neck
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Ribs project posterolaterally from the vertebral column. what is the region of a rib where it changes if direction and begins curving toward the sternum?
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angle
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What is the main part of a rib?
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shaft
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What feature on the inferior side of a rib marks the path of an artery, a vain, and a nerve?
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costal groove
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