Anatomy Upper + Lower Limb Qna 2

Front 1

What are the elements of the rotator cuff?

Back 1

Supraspinatous m., Infraspinatous m., Subscapularis m., Teres minor m.

Front 2

Which muscles supinate the forearm?

Back 2

Supinator m., Biceps brachii m., Brachioradialis m.

Front 3

Which nerves and arteries traverse the quadrangular space + Where is it?

Back 3

Axillary n., posterior circumflex humeral a.
The quadrangular space is found between teres minor & major

Front 4

What is the main symptom of paralysis of the deltoid muscle due to injury of the axillary nerve?

Back 4

Loss of abduction of arm. Weak flexion, extension, & rotation of arm.

Front 5

What movement and in which plane do the ligaments of the elbow prevent?

Back 5

Abduction & adduction in the frontal plane.

Front 6

What is the palmar border of the carpal tunnel?

Back 6

Transverse carpal lig., flexor retinaculum. (Found in the anterior wall of the carpal tunnel)

Front 7

What are the strongest adductors of the arm?

Back 7

Latissimus dorsi m., Pectoralis major m.

Front 8

Tensor fasciae latae is innervated by what nerve and what kind of movement does it do?

Back 8

Superior gluteal nerve - The tensor fasciae latae is a tensor of the fascia lata; continuing its action, the oblique direction of its fibers enables it to stabilize the hip in extension (assists gluteus maximus during hip extension).

Front 9

Positive Trandenburgers syndrome is due to?

Back 9

Damage to superior gluteal nerve so gluteus medius is damaged which is the fixer of the pelvis. Resulting in hips dropping to one side limb appears shorter

Front 10

The anterior interosseous nerve is a branch of what nerve?

Back 10

median

Front 11

Acetabulum is formed by what bones?

Back 11

Ischial ilium and pubic

Front 12

Lymph from the left arm ends up in what “lymphatic trunk”?

Back 12

to thoracic duct subclavian trunk

Front 13

What is a dermatome?

Back 13

Unilateral area of skin innervated by the fibers of a single spinal nerve

Front 14

What is pes anserinus?

Back 14

goose's foot
Point that meets on the medial border of tuberosity of tibia and is the combined tendinous expansion of sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles
(from anterior to posterio

Front 15

What muscle/ muscles attach to the greater tubercle of the humerus?

Back 15

rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor muscles

Front 16

What muscle/muscles attach to the lesser tubercle of the humerus?

Back 16

Subscapularis muscle

Front 17

What joints does the biceps brachii muscle act on?

Back 17

On shoulder joint and on elbow

Front 18

Damage do the Anterior cruciate ligament may have what effect on the femoral bone?

Back 18

hyperextension so posterior displacement of the femor on the tibia

Front 19

Damage do the Anterior/posterior cruciate ligament may have what effect on the femur?

Back 19

Posterior hyperflexion and have anterior displacement of the femor on the tibia

Front 20

Damage do the Anterior/posterior cruciate ligament may have what effect on the Tibia?

Back 20

Anterior on tibia forward sliding on femor and posterior on tibia backward sliding on femor.

Front 21

Fascia lata

Back 21

Is a membranous, deep fascia covering muscles of the thigh and forms the lateral and medial intermuscular septa by its inward extension to the femur.
Is attached to the pubic symphysis, pubic crest, pubic rami, ischial tuberosity, inguinal and sacrotuberous ligaments, and the sacrum and coccyx.

Front 22

Iliotibial Tract

Back 22

Is a thick lateral portion of the fascia lata. Provides insertion for the gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae muscles.
Helps form the fibrous capsule of the knee joint and is important in maintaining posture and locomotion.’

Front 23

saphenous opening

Back 23

Is an oval gap in the fascia lata below the inguinal ligament that is covered by the cribriform fascia, which is a part of the superficial fascia of the thigh.
Provides a pathway for the greater saphenous vein.

Front 24

Plantar aponeurosis

Back 24

is a thick fascia investing the plantar muscles. Radiates from the calcaneal tuberosity toward the ttoes and provides attachment to the short flexor muscles of the toes.

Front 25

Femoral Canal

Back 25

Lies medial to the femoral vein in the femoral sheath. Is a weak are for femoral herniation

Front 26

Severely damaged radial nerve in the spiral groove of the humerus results in which of the following?

Back 26

Loss of wrist extension, leading to wrist drop.

Front 27

Damage to the ulnar nerve at the elbow most likely results in paralysis of which of the following muscles?

Back 27

Two medial lumbricals.

Front 28

A patient is unable to prevent anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia when the knee is flexed. What ligament is most likely damaged?

Back 28

Posterior cruciate ligament

Front 29

When the superficial fibularis nerve is severed near its orgin, what muscle is affected?

Back 29

fibularis longus.

Front 30

The great saphenous vein runs?

Back 30

Superficial to the fascia lata of the thigh

Front 31

The inability to extend the leg at the knee joint indicates paralysis of which of the following muscles?

Back 31

Quadriceps femoris

Front 32

A knife wound penetrates the superficial vein that terminates in the popliteal vein. Bleeding occurs from which of the following vessels?

Back 32

Lesser saphenous vein

Front 33

To test for trapezius muscle paralysis, you would ask the patient to:

Back 33

Shrug the shoulder

Front 34

The apex of the cubital fossa is defined by:

Back 34

Brachioradialis and pronator teres

Front 35

Which structure forms:
a. The medial border of the femoral ring?

Back 35

a) Lacunar ligament

Front 36

List the nerves passing through:
a. Infrapiriform foramen

Back 36

a) Sciatic nerve, Inferior gluteal nerve, Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve & Pudendal nerve

Front 37

a. Damage to which muscle causes “winged scapula”?
b. Which nerve is affected with this condition?,
c. What is the resulting abnormality of the arm?

Back 37

a.Serratus anterior m.
b.Long thoracic n.
c.Inability to raise arm above head

Front 38

What thigh muscle makes external rotation of leg when flexed?

Back 38

Sartorius muscle.

Front 39

Nerve innervating muscles which forms the medial border of axilla?

Back 39

Long thoracic n. (serratus anterior m.)

Front 40

Surgical subtalar joint is formed by which bones?

Back 40

Talus and calcaneus.

Front 41

Which ligament of surgical subtalar joint reinforces the medial longitudinal arch?

Back 41

Spring ligament. (NOT DELTOID)

Front 42

Which structure is surrounded by the cords of brachial plexus?

Back 42

Axillary artery

Front 43

How is the femoral vein located in relation to the femoral artery?

Back 43

Medial to femoral artery

Front 44

What muscles dorsiflexs the foot

Back 44

flexor hallucis longs, tibialis anterior, (Dorsiflexord = deep peroneal)

Front 45

Which nerve passes through the inguinal canal and superficial ring but not the deep inguinal ring?

Back 45

The illioinguinal nerve.

Front 46

What passes through the anatomical snuff box

Back 46

radial artery, terminal branches of the superficial branch of the radial nerve, and the cephalic vein.

Front 47

What passes through the carpal tunnel

Back 47

A total of nine flexor tendons:
flexor digitorum profundus (four tendons)
flexor digitorum superficialis (four tendons)
flexor pollicis longus (one tendon)

the median nerve

Front 48

Which two major structures don't pass through the carpal tunnel

Back 48

ulnar nerve and artery

Front 49

Pad, dab mnemonics stand for?

Back 49

Dorsal ABduct...Palmar ADduct...interosseous muscles of hand/foot.

Front 50

How many pairs of spinal nerves:

Back 50

31 total.
8 cervical (C1-C8)
12 thoracic (T1-T12)
5 lumbar (L1-L5)
5 sacral (S1-S5) 1 coccygeal (Co)

Front 51

Femoral canal

Back 51

Lies medial to the femoral vein in the femoral sheath.
contains: fat, areolar connective tissue, lymph nodes
weak spot for for femoral hernia

Front 52

Femoral ring

Back 52

abdominal opening of femoral canal
located between inguinal ligament, femoral v., lacunar ligament and pectineal ligament

Front 53

Saphenous hiatus (opening), content,

Back 53

opening in fascia lata through which great saphenous v. drains into femoral v. covered by cribriform fascia

Front 54

Femoral triangle, borders and content

Back 54

triangular depression formed by muscles of upper thigh
content:(NAVEL) femoral n., femoral a., femoral v., Empty space - lymphatics

Sail
sartorius m. (lateral border);
adductor longus m. (medial border);
inguinal ligament (superior border);

iliopsoas m., pectineus m. (floor);
fascia lata, cribriform fascia (roof)

Front 55

Adductor canal, contet, start and end where?

Back 55

begins at apex of femoral triangle; ends in adductor hiatus

content: femoral a., femoral v., saphenous n., descending genicular a

Front 56

Adductor hiatus (hiatus tendineus)

Back 56

aparture in tendon of adductor magnus m.
allows passage of femoral vessels from adductor canal into popliteal fossa

Front 57

Cubital fossa, content and borders

Back 57

Triangular depression between the muscles of the arm and forearm, anterior to the elbow joint

Contents (from lateral to medial): radial n., biceps brachii m. tendon, brachial a. and median n.

Walls:
brachioradialis m. (lateral)
pronator teres m. (medial)
line connecting medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus (upper border)
brachialis and supinator mm. (floor)

Front 58

Elbow joint is a?

Back 58

Complex, consists of 3 joints with the common joint capsule:
humeroulnar joint (trochlea of humerus+trochlear notch of ulna)
humeroradial joint (capitulum of humerus+head of radius)
proximal radioulnar joint (head of radius+radial notch of ulna)

Front 59

Linea terminalis –

Back 59

boundary line between the greater and lesser pelvis, consists of: pubic symphysis, pubic crest, pecten pubis, arcuate line and sacral promontory

Front 60

quadrangular space:, borders and contet

Back 60

between teres minor m., surgical neck of humerus, teres major m., long head of triceps brachii

- contains posterior circumflex humeral vessels and axillary n.

Front 61

traingular space (lower):borders and contet

Back 61

shaft of humerus., inferior border of teres major m., long head of triceps brachii m.contains circumflex scapular vessels

- contains deep brachial a., radial nerve

Front 62

traingular space (upper) :borders and contet

Back 62

between teres minor m., teres major m., long head of triceps brachii m. - contains circumflex scapular vessels

Front 63

Femoral sheath is divided into three compartments:

Back 63

The lateral compartment contains the femoral artery,

the intermediate the femoral vein,
while the medial and smallest compartment is named the femoral canal, and contains some lymphatic vessels and a lymph gland imbedded in a small amount of areolar tissue.

Front 64

the posterior cruciate ligament prevents the femur from sliding?

Back 64

forward on the tibia

Front 65

the anterior cruciate liagement prevents the femur from sliding?

Back 65

backwards on the tibia