Anatomy Upper Limb And Axilla

Front 1

sternoclavicular joint

Back 1

articulation of sternum with clavicle (only attachment of scapula to body)

Front 2

acromioclavicular joint

Back 2

articulation of the clavicle with the acromion

Front 3

coracoid process (muscles)

Back 3

origin of the coracobrachialis and biceps brachii
insertion of the pectoralis minor

Front 4

coracoid process (ligaments/membrane)

Back 4

coracoclavicular, coracohumeral, coracoacromial ligaments
costocoracoid membrane

Front 5

acromion (muscles)

Back 5

origin for the deltoid
insertion for the trapezius

Front 6

glenohumeral joint

Back 6

articulation of head of humerus with scapula (glenoid cavity)

Front 7

anatomic neck

Back 7

indentation distal to the head of humerus
attachment of fibrous joint capsule

Front 8

greater tubercle (muscles)

Back 8

attachments for supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles

Front 9

fracture of greater tuberosity

Back 9

direct trauma or by violent contractions of supraspinatus muscle

Front 10

fracture of lesser tuberosity

Back 10

accompanies posterior dislocation of shoulder joint

Front 11

lesser tubercle (muscles)

Back 11

insertion for subscapularis

Front 12

intertubercular (bicipital) groove

Back 12

lies between greater and lesser tubercles

Front 13

intertubercular groove (muscles)

Back 13

insertions for pectoralis major (lateral lip), teres major (medial lip), and latissimus dorsi (floor)

Front 14

fracture of surgical neck

Back 14

may injure axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery

Front 15

supracondylar fracture

Back 15

fracture of the distal end of the humerus

Front 16

trochlea

Back 16

medial articular surface of humerus, which articulates with trochlear notch of ulna

Front 17

capitulum

Back 17

lateral articular surface of humerus, which articulates with head of radius

Front 18

styloid process (muscles)

Back 18

insertion for brachioradialis muscle

Front 19

Colles' fracture of the wrist

Back 19

fracture of the lower end of the radius where the distal fragment is tilted posteriorly, producing a characteristic bump

Front 20

olecranon (tendons)

Back 20

triceps tendon

Front 21

Carpal Bones (lateral to medial)

Back 21

proximal: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

distal: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Front 22

carpal bones (mnemonic)

Back 22

Sandra Likes To Pat Tom's Two Cold Hands

Front 23

sesamoid bone contained in flexor carpi ulnaris tendon

Back 23

pisiform

Front 24

Fracture of Scaphoid

Back 24

cause: fall on outstretched arm
damage: radial artery and avascular necrosis of bone, and degenerative joint disease of wrist

Front 25

Fracture of Hamate

Back 25

damage: ulnar nerve and artery

Front 26

Bennett's Fracture

Back 26

base of the metacarpal of the thumb

Front 27

Boxer's Fracture

Back 27

necks of the second and third metacarpals (fifth in unskilled boxers)

Front 28

Guyon's Canal Syndrome

Back 28

entrapment of ulnar nerve in Guyon's canal
symptoms: pain, numbness, and tingling in medial two fingers, and eventually loss of sensation and motor weakness

Front 29

Guyon's Canal (Ulnar Tunnel)

Back 29

formed by pisiform, hook of hamate and pisohamate ligament
transmits the ulnar nerve and artery

Front 30

metacarpals

Back 30

base - proximal ends
shaft - bodies
heads - distal ends

Front 31

coracoclavicular ligament

Back 31

consists of conoid and trapezoid ligaments
reinforces acromioclavicular joint

Front 32

shoulder separation

Back 32

dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint
shoulder is separated from the clavicle because coracoclavicular ligament is ruptured

Front 33

Trapezius (Origin)

Back 33

External Occipital Protuberance
Medial Third of Superior Nuchal Line of Occipital Bone
Ligamentum Nuchae
Spinous Processes of 7th Cervical Vertebra and all 12 Thoracic Vertebrae

Front 34

Trapezius (Insertion)

Back 34

Posterior Border of Lateral Third of Clavicle
Medial Margin of Acromion
Posterior Border of Scapular Spine
Aponeurosis inserted into scapular spine

Front 35

Trapezius (Action)

Back 35

Rotate scapula for full abduction
Elevate shoulder
Brace shoulder girdle
Retract shoulder
Draw scapula downward
Draw head backward

Front 36

Trapezius (Innervation)

Back 36

CN XI (Spinal Accessory Nerve)

Front 37

Latissimus Dorsi (Origin)

Back 37

Lower 6 thoracic vertebrae

Front 38

Latissimus Dorsi (Insertion)

Back 38

intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 39

Latissimus Dorsi (Action)

Back 39

Extend humerus
Adduct humerus
Medially rotates humerus

Front 40

Latissimus Dorsi (Innervation)

Back 40

Thoracodorsal Nerve (C6-8)

Front 41

Latissimus Dorsi (Blood Supply)

Back 41

Thoracodorsal Artery
--subscapular artery
----axillary artery

Front 42

Levator Scapulae (Origin)

Back 42

Transverse processes of first 4 cervical vertebrae

Front 43

Levator Scapulae (Insertion)

Back 43

superior portion of medial border of scapula

Front 44

Levator Scapulae (Action)

Back 44

Elevate superior angle of scapula
Draw medially
Tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly

Front 45

Levator Scapulae (Innervation)

Back 45

3rd and 4th cervical nerves
--cervical plexus
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Front 46

Levator Scapulae (Blood Supply)

Back 46

Transverse cervical artery
--Thyrocervical trunk

Front 47

Deltoid (Origin)

Back 47

Lateral third of the clavicle
Superior surface of the acromion
Spine of scapula

Front 48

Deltoid (Insertion)

Back 48

deltoid tuberosity

Front 49

Deltoid (Action)

Back 49

abduction of arm
rotate arm medially
flex arm at shoulder
rotate arm laterally
extend arm at shoulder

Front 50

Deltoid (Innervation)

Back 50

Axillary Nerve (C5 and C6)

Front 51

Deltoid (Blood Supply)

Back 51

Thoracoacromial artery
--axillary artery
Anterior humeral circumflex arteries
--axillary artery
Posterior humeral circumflex arteries
--axillary artery

Front 52

Supraspinatus Muscle (Origin)

Back 52

Medial two-thirds of supraspinous fossa

Front 53

Infraspinatus Muscle (Origin)

Back 53

Medial two-thirds of infraspinous fossa

Front 54

Supraspinatus Muscle (Insertion)

Back 54

Superior facet on greater tubercle

Front 55

Infraspinatus Muscle (Insertion)

Back 55

Middle facet on greater tubercle

Front 56

Supraspinatus Muscle (Action)

Back 56

Draws humerus toward glenoid fossa
Abduction of humerus
Lateral rotation of humerus

Front 57

Infraspinatus Muscle (Action)

Back 57

Braces head of humerus in glenoid fossa
Lateral rotation of humerus

Front 58

Supraspinatus Muscle (Innervation)

Back 58

Suprascapular Nerve (C5 and C6)
--brachial plexus

Front 59

Infraspinatus Muscle (Innervation)

Back 59

Suprascapular Nerve (C5 and C6)
--brachial plexus

Front 60

Teres Minor (Origin)

Back 60

Lateral border of scapula

Front 61

Teres Major (Origin)

Back 61

Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula

Front 62

Teres Minor (Insertion)

Back 62

Inferior facet on greater tubercle

Front 63

Teres Major (Insertion)

Back 63

Medial lip of intertubercular groove

Front 64

Teres Minor (Action)

Back 64

Rotates arm laterally
Adducts humerus weakly
Draws humerus toward glenoid fossa

Front 65

Teres Major (Action)

Back 65

Extends arm from flexed position
Adducts humerus
Medially rotates humerus

Front 66

Teres Minor (Innervation)

Back 66

Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)

Front 67

Teres Major (Innervation)

Back 67

Lower subscapular nerve (C6 and C7)

Front 68

Rotator Cuff Muscles

Back 68

Supraspinatus Muscle
Infraspinatus Muscle
Teres Minor
Subscapularis Muscle

Front 69

Subscapularis (Origin)

Back 69

Medial two-thirds of subscapular fossa
lower two-thirds of lateral border of scapula

Front 70

Subscapularis (Insertion)

Back 70

Lesser tubercle of humerus
Anterior portion of shoulder joint capsule

Front 71

Subscapularis (Action)

Back 71

Prevents anterior displacement of humerus
Medially rotates humerus
Adducts humerus

Front 72

Subscapularis (Innervation)

Back 72

Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerves (C5 and C6)

Front 73

Scapulothoracic Joint

Back 73

Physiologic articulation of shoulder consisting of subscapularis, serratus anterior, the scapula, and loose connective tissue - permits gliding movement of scapula on chest wall

Front 74

Subscapularis (Blood Supply)

Back 74

Subscapular Artery
--Axillary artery

Front 75

Pectoralis Major (Origin)

Back 75

Sternal half of clavicle
Upper half of sternum
Aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique muscle

Front 76

Pectoralis Major (Insertion)

Back 76

Intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 77

Pectoralis Major (Action)

Back 77

Adduction of humerus
Medial rotation of humerus
Flex humerus
Adduct humerus medially across the midline
Extend flexed humerus

Front 78

Pectoralis Major (Innervation)

Back 78

Medial and Lateral Pectoral Nerves (C5-C8, and T1)

Front 79

Pectoralis Major (Blood Supply)

Back 79

Thoracoacromial artery
Lateral thoracic artery

Front 80

Biceps Brachii (Short head) (Origin)

Back 80

Apex of coracoid process

Front 81

Biceps Brachii (Long head) (Origin)

Back 81

Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Front 82

Biceps Brachii (Insertion)

Back 82

Long and Short join together and fuses with deep fascia of forearm

Front 83

Biceps Brachii (Action)

Back 83

Supinate forearm
Flexes forearm

Front 84

Biceps Brachii (Innervation)

Back 84

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5 and C6)

Front 85

Biceps Brachii (Blood Supply)

Back 85

Brachial Artery

Front 86

Coracobrachialis (Origin)

Back 86

Apex of coracoid process

Front 87

Coracobrachialis (Insertion)

Back 87

Middle of the medial surface and border of humerus

Front 88

Coracobrachialis (Action)

Back 88

Flexes humerus
Adducts humerus

Front 89

Coracobrachialis (Innervation)

Back 89

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C6 and C7)

Front 90

Coracobrachialis (Blood Supply)

Back 90

Brachial Artery

Front 91

Brachialis (Origin)

Back 91

Distal half of anterior humerus

Front 92

Brachialis (Insertion)

Back 92

Tuberosity and Anterior surface of coronoid process of ulna

Front 93

Brachialis (Action)

Back 93

Flexes forearm

Front 94

Brachialis (Innervation)

Back 94

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6)
Radial Nerve (C7)

Front 95

Brachialis (Blood Supply)

Back 95

Brachial Artery

Front 96

Triceps Brachii (Origin)

Back 96

Long Head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head - posterior surface of humerus
Medial Head - inferior to radial groove

Front 97

Anconeus (Origin)

Back 97

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Front 98

Triceps Brachii (Insertion)

Back 98

Posterior portion of proximal olecranon
(Fibers continue to blend with deep fascia of forearm)

Front 99

Anconeus (Insertion)

Back 99

Lateral aspect of olecranon
Upper dorsal surface of body of ulna