Anatomy Unit Iv

Front 1

What does the ASIS aid in finding?

Back 1

inguinal ligament, superficial circumflex iliac vessels, lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh, and in part the appendix

Front 2

Which 1/3 of each iliac crest is palapable?

Back 2

the anterior 1/3 is subcutaneous and palpable. the posterior 2/3 are covered with fat and might be difficult to palpate

Front 3

What is the supracristal plane?

Back 3

an imaginary line that traverses the iliac crests and crosses through the IV of L4/L5. Recall that clinically this is an important landmark for inserting a needle into the subarachnoid space (lumbar puncture)

Front 4

What is the widest point of the iliac crest?

Back 4

the iliac tubercle

Front 5

How do you palpate a iliac tubercle?

Back 5

you place each thumb on an ASIS and move your other digits posteriorly along the external lip of the iliac crest. Each tubercle occurs at the level of L5.

Front 6

Where does the pubic tubercle occur?

Back 6

it occurs anteriorly on each side about a figers distance from the pubic symphysis. this tubercle is useful as a guide to the superficial inguinal ring.

Front 7

What is the clinical significance of the pubic tubercle?

Back 7

Clinically, it is a useful landmark in the diagnosis and repair of inguinal and femoral hernias.

In males it can be palpated digitally by invaginating the skin of the lateral aspect of the scrotum.

Front 8

What are the boundaries of the gluteal region?

Back 8

superiorly by the iliac crest, medially by the intergluteal cleft, and inferiorly by the gluteal fold.

Front 9

What are the bones of the gluteal region?

Back 9

Pubis, ilium, ischium, and proximal femur (greater trochanter, neck, and head)

Front 10

What does the sacrotuberous ligament span between?

Back 10

It spans the area between the ischial tuberosity and the sacrum

Front 11

What two important structures pass deep to the sacrotuberous ligament?

Back 11

1. internal pudendal artery
2. pudendal nerve

These structures arise from the pelvic cavity and enter the gluteal region and enter the pudendal canal within the ischioanal fossa.

Front 12

What converts the sciatic notches of the pelvis into two foramina (greater and lesser)

Back 12

the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments.

Front 13

What enters and exits the greater sciatic foramen?

Back 13

Sciatic nerve, several lower limb arteries and nerves, piriformis muscle

Front 14

What enters and exits the lesser sciatic foramen?

Back 14

pudendal nerve

Front 15

What type of muscles are classified as superficial gluteal muscles?

Back 15

extensors and abductors of the thigh

Front 16

what type of muscles are classified as deep gluteal muscles?

Back 16

lateral rotators , stabilize hip joint as well

Front 17

What are the superficial muscles of the gluteal region?

Back 17

gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus

Front 18

Gluteous maximus

Back 18

the most superficial, largest and heaviest. It forms a pad over the ischial tuberosity (except when flexed).

Front 19

Where does the gluteous maximus insert?

Back 19

it inserts on the iliotibial band (IT band), gluteal tuberosity of the femur, and sacrotuberous ligament.

Front 20

What is the vascular and nerve supply?

Back 20

vascular is communicating branches between the superior and inferior gluteal vessels.

Nerve supply is by the inferior gluteal.

Front 21

What passes deep to the gluteus maximus?

Back 21

the sciatic and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves pass deep to the gluteus maximus and enter the posterior aspect of the thigh deep to the gluteal fold.

Front 22

What are the main actions of the gluteus maximus?

Back 22

extension and lateral rotation of the thigh. It functions primarily between the flexed and standing positions of the thigh. (raising from a char, walking upstairs, running, stabilizin the knee via IT band)
used little for casual walking or standing still.

Front 23

What is the nerve supply to the gluteus medius and minimus?

Back 23

supplied by the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle

Front 24

What are the actions of the gluteus medius and minimus?

Back 24

they both abduct the thigh and rotate it medially, and play an important role during locomotion. mostly responsible for preventing sagging of the unsupported sige of the pelvis during walking

Front 25

what muscles make up the deep muscles of the gluteal region?

Back 25

piriformis, obturator internus and externus, superior and inferior gemelli, and quadratus femoris

Front 26

What important structures pass deep to the sacrotuberous ligament?

Back 26

1.Internal Pudendal Artery
2. Pudendal Nerve