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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vestibule of Mouth
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Space between lips/cheek and teeth. Parotid duct opens into it.
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Lingual Frenulum
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Fold of mucus membrane extending from floor of mouth in midline to underside of tongue.
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Sublingual Folds
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Folds extending from both sides of frenulum. Contain sublingual glands and the openings for their ducts.
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Sublingual Papillae
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On either side of the frenulum. Right next to it. Contain opening for submandibular duct.
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Deep Lingual Veins
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Can be seen through transparent mucosa on underside of tongue.
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Sensory Innervation of Soft Palate
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Lesser palatine nerve (V2) and peritonsilar plexus (CN9)
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Aterial supply of soft palate
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-Lesser palatine artery (Of descending palatine artery of maxillary)
-Ascending palatine artery (Of facial of ECA) -Palatine Branch of ascending pharyngeal artery (Of ECA) |
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Uvula
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Hangs down from palatoglossus muscle in the isthmus. Contains glands and lymphatics.
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Palatine Aponeurosis
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Formed by the tendon of the tensor veli palatini muscle. Sits under levator veli palatini and over palatoglossus muscle.
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Job of soft palate
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Closes isthmus during swallowing and phonation.
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Muscles of the soft palate
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-Levator veli palatini
-tensor veli palatini -palatopharyngeus -palatoglossus -musculus uvulae |
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Levator veli palatini muscle
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Origin: Inferior surface of petrous portion of temporal bone and cartilage of auditory tube.
Inserts: Enters pharynx via gap between superior pharyngeal constrictor and occipital bone. Inserts into upper surface of palatine aponeurosis. Action: Raises and retracts soft palate (phonation and sucking liquid). Innervation: Pharyngeal Nerve (CN 10) |
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Levator veli tensor muscle
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Origin: Spine of sphenoid, lateral aspect of auditory tube, and scaphoid fossa at base of medial pterygoid plate.
Inserts: Sits anterior and lateral to levator. Tendon is turned around hamulus. Attach to posterior border of boney palate and become palatine aponeurosis. Action: Is primary opener of auditory tube. Also tightens soft palate (blowing). Innervation: Medial Pterygoid Nerve (V3). |
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Palatopharyngeus Muscle
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Posterior arch.
Origin: Posterior Border of palatine aponeurosis. Inserts: Separated by levator veli palantini into anterior and posterior portions. Both unite and insert on posterior border of thyroid cartilage. Action: Pull soft palate downward, closing isthmus and separating nasopharynx from oropharynx. Innervation: Cranial Accessory (CN 9) via Vagus. |
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Palatoglossus Muscle
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Anterior Arch.
Origin: Inferior surface of Palatine Aponeurosis Inserts: Lateral aspect of tongue Action: Pull soft palate downward, closing isthmus and separating nasopharynx from oropharynx. Relates closely with uvula. Innervation: Pharyngeal nerve (CN10) |
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Musculus Uvulae
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Origin: Palatine aponeurosis
Inserts: Into mucous membrane of uvula Action: Raises uvula Innervation: Pharyngeal Nerve (CN 10) |
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Arterial supply of hard palate
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Greater palatine artery
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Nerve supply of Hard palate
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Greater palatine nerve and nassopalatine nerve.
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Sulcus Terminalis
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V shaped grove which divides tongue into anterior 2/3 (oral part) and posterior 1/3 (pharyngeal part).
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Circumvallate Papillae
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Arranged in a row infront of sulcus terminalis. Contain taste buds.
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Foramen Cecum
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Located at midpoint of sulcus terminalis. Not actually a hole.
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Extrinsic muscles of the tongue
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-Genioglossus
-Hyoglossus -Styloglossus -Palatoglossus |
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Genioglossus Muscle
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Origin: Upper part of mental spine and adjacent internal surface of mandible. Located just above geniohyoid.
Inserts: Fans out and inserts on tip of the tongue to the posterior tongue and body of hyoid bone. Action: Protracts tongue Innervation: Hypoglossal Nerve (CN 12) |
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Hyloglossus Muscle
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Origin: Greater horn and body of hyoid bone.
Inserts: Runs lateral to genioglossus and inserts into inferior/lateral aspect of tongue. Action: Depresses tongue Innervation: Hypoglossal Nerve (CN 12) |
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Styloglossus Muscle
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Origin: Styloid process and stylohyoid Ligament.
Inserts: Lateral and inferior aspect of tongue and hyoglossus muscle Action: Retracts tongue Innervation: Hypoglossal Nerve (CN 12) |
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Intrinsic Muscles of tongue
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Help articulate language and swallowing.
-Longitudinal (superior and inferior) -Verticle -Transverse |
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General Sensation of the tongue
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Anterior 2/3 = Lingual Nerve (V3)
Posterior 1/3 = Glossopharyngeal nerve |
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Taste sensation of the tongue
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Anterior 2/3 = Facial nerve via corda tympana via lingual nerve.
Posterior 1/3 = glossopharyngeal nerve |
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Arterial and venous supply of tongue
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Lingual Artery (ECA). All veins eventually drain into internal jug. directly or indirectly.
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Lymphatic drainage of tongue
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submental, submandibular, and deep cervical nodes. Deep cervical is associated with internal jug. How oral cancer metastasis.
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Laryngeal prominance
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Adams apple
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Attachments of epiglottic cartilage
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Upper border attached tp body of hyoid via hyoeppiglotic ligament
Lower end attached to thyroid cartilage via peiole aka thyroepiglotic cartilage |
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Vallecula
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Area between epiglotis and base of tongue
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Cuniform Cartilage
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Loceted floating in quadrangular membrane above corniulate cartilage.
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How would u establish an alternate airway
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pierce the cricothyrod ligament.
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Conus elasticulus
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From upper border of cricoid arch, runs medially and upward. Anteriorly attached to thyroid cartilage, posteriorly attached to vocal process of aretynoid cartilage
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Vocal Ligaments
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Upper thickenings of the conus elasticulus. Attached to vocal process of arytenoid cartilage (movable part) and thyroid cartilage. Epithelial over forms the vocal folds or the true vocal cords.
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Quadrangular membrane
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Extends from sides of epiglottic cartilage to corniculate and arytenoid cartilages. Covered by muccus membrain forming the aryepiglottic folds at top margin and vestibular folds or false vocal folds at lower margin.
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Rima Glottidis
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Space between vocal folds.
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Inlet of larynx
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Formed anteriorly by epiglotis, laterally by aryeppiglotic folds, and posteriorly by corniculate cartilages.
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Vestiule
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Extends frmo inlet to vestibular folds.
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Rima Vestibuli
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space between vestibular folds. can help seal air passage
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Ventricle
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on each side extends from vestibular folds to vocal folds
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Saccule
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Upward extension of ventricle. Can become enlarged known as a laryngocele.
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Glottis
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vocal folds, and rima glottidis
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Sensory innervation of larynx
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Internal laryngeal - supplies mucus membrane as for down as vocal folds.
Recurrent laryngeal - supplies below vocal folds. Both have parasympathetic |
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Elevators of larynx
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Thyrohyoid, mylohyoid, digastirc, and stylohyoid muscles.
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Depressers of larynx
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omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid muscles
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Cricothyroid muscle
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Origin: external surface of anterior arch of cricoid cartilage.
Inserts: Superior part - lower border of of thyroid cartilage Inferior part - anterior border of inferior horn of thryoid Action: Tilt lamina of cricoid back, thyrocartilage forward, lengthen and adduct vocal cords. Inervation: external branch of superior laryngeal |
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Lateral Cricoarytenoid Cartilage
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Origin: Arch of cricoid cartilage
Inserts: Muscular processes of arytenoid cartilage Action: Draws muscular processes forward, adducting vocal cords. |
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Thyroarytenoid muscle
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Origin: Inner surface of thyroid
Inserts: Lateral surface of arytenoid Action: Moves artyenoid caritalge forward and medially, adducting the vocal and vestibular folds |
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Vocalis Muscle
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Origin: Angle of thyroid cartilage.
Inserts: Lies medially to rhe thyroarytenoid muslce. Inserts on vocal process of arytenoid. May attach to conus elasticus, wont on vocal ligament Action: Moves arytenoid cartilage forward, shortening vocal cord. VAries tenson for singing. |
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Transverse arytenoideus muscle
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Stretches between posterior surfaces of of aretynoid cartilages. Draws cartilages togeather, closing posterior rima glottidis.
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Oblique Arytenoidues muscle
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Connects muscular process of one, to the tip of another. closes inlet of larynx as in swallowing.
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Posterior cricoarytenoid ligament
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Origin: posterior surface of cricoid cartilage.
Inserts: Muscular process of arytenoid cartilage Action: pulls muscular processes medially/downward, abducting vocal folds. Is only abductor. |
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Blood supply of larynx
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Superior laryngeal branch of superior thyroid.
Inferior laryngeal branch of inferior thyroid. |
