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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the most painful burn
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2nd degree burn
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What are the values for each part of the body in the rule of nines?
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Anterior side adult:
Head,arms = 4.5% Chest, abdomen and legs = 9% Genetalia = 1% Infant front and back: Head,chest,abdomen = 18% arms = 9% each legs = 14% each |
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What is removed in a radical mastectomy?
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the breast, pectoral muscles, fat, fascia, and as many lymph nodes as possible in the axilla
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site of most breast tumors
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the superior lateral quadrant of the breast because its the most glandular tissue
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the vessels that serve the breast
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the internal thoracic, the lateral thoracic, and the 2nd-6th intercostal vessels and nerves
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What are the 3 compartments of the thoracic cavity?
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the right and left pulmonary cavities and the central mediastinum
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Which part of the trachea is associated with the cough reflex?
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the mucous membrane covering the carina
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Which vessels supply oxygenated blood to the root of the lungs and visceral pleura?
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The bronchial arteries:
2 left bronchial arteries and 1 right bronchial artery |
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When performing percussion, what types of sound will you hear?
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Resonant- in air filled
Dull - fluid filled Flat - solid, as with bone |
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What is pleurodesis
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A procedure that adheres the parietal and visceral layers of the pleura to prevent fluid buidup
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upon ascultation of the lungs, you hear a sound like a clump of hair being rolled between the fingers. What may cause this?
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Pleurisy or pleuritis
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Where is the placement of a chest tube?
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5th or 6th intercostal space in the midaxillary line
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Where is the placement of the needle in a thoracentesis procedure?
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9th ICS superior to the 10th rib high enough to avoid the collateral branches
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what is secondary atelectasis?
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the collapse of a previously inflated lung
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what is primary atelectasis?
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the failure of a lung to inflate at birth
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What is a pneumothorax?
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presence of air in the pleural cavity
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What is cor pulmonale?
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right sided heart failure due to a pulmonary problem
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The right bronchial vein drains into the?
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the Azygos vein
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The left bronchial vein drains into the?
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the hemiazygos vein or the left superior intercostal vien
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What do carbon particles in the axillary lymph nodes indicate?
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pleural adhesion; pg 132
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Which lymph nodes, also called sentinel lymph nodes, alert the physician to a possible disease in the thoracic or abdominal organs?
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The supraclavicular lymph nodes; they're usually enlarged when bronchogenic carcinoma develops
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which pleura is insensitive to pain?
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the visceral pleura because it receives no nerves of sensation
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failure of a valve to open fully, slowing blood flow from a chamber
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Stenosis
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failure of the valve to close completely
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insufficiency or regurgitation
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superficia vibratory sensations that may be felt on the skin over an area of turbulence
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thrills; they happen as a result of insufficiency
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A condition where blood regurgitates into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts and produces a murmur
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Mitral valve prolapse
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Most frequent valve abnormality; is a result of degenerative calcification and causes left vent hypertrophy
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Aortic Valve Stenosis
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produces a heart murmor and a collapsing pulse
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Aortic Valve Insufficiency
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most common sites of coronary artery occlusion
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LAD (40-50%)
RCA (30-40%) Circumflex (15-20%) |
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These receptors on coronary blood vessels cause relaxation and dilation when activated
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B2 adrenergic receptors
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What NTS is released by postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers in the heart and what type of receptors are they?
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It releases ACH which binds to muscarinic receptors
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What is a fluoroscope?
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a device for examining deep structures in real time by means of radiographs, it is often used in the placement of a pacemaker.
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The electrode of a pacemaker is firmly fixed to this structure in the heart
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the trabeculae carneae of the right ventricular wall
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Anginal pain is radiates to the medial aspect to the left arm. Which nerves are responsible for this?
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The median cutaneous nerve and often the lateral cutaneous branches of the 2nd and 3rd intercostal nerves(intercostalbrachial nerves)
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sympathetic stimulation of the coronary arteries causes?
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vasodilation
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parasympathetic stimulation of the coronary arteries causes?
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vasoconstriction
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Contents of the superior mediastinum
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Thymus, Great vessels, trachea, esophagus, thoracic duct, vagus, phrenic and left recurrent laryngeal nerve
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the thoracic duct lies between what two structures anterior and posteriorly
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Esophagus and vertebra
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At what rib level do the brachiocephalic veins unite to form the SVC?
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At the inferior border of the 1st right costal cartilage
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The recurrent laryngeal nerves arise from this nerve
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Vagus nerve
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The internal thoracic arteries originate here
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What is the Subclavian arteries
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An abnormal narrowing of the descending aorta
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Coarctation of the aorta
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Which nerve may be damaged by an aneurysm of the aorta or by bronchogenic or esophageal carcinoma?
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The left recurrent laryngeal nerve
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The thoracic aorta begins and ends at the levels of these vertebra
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T4-T12
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Level at which the esophagus passes through the esophageal hiatus in the diaphragm
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At the level of T10 anterior to the aorta
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The origin of the phrenic nerve
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Anterior rami of C3-C5 nerves
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Distribution of the phrenic nerve
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The central portion of the diaphragm
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Distribution of the Vagus nerve
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Pulmonary plexus, esophageal and cardiac plexus
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Origin of the pulmorary plexus
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Vagus nerve and sympathetic trunk
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This nerve supplies sympathetic innervation to most of the abdominal viscera
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the splanchnic nerves
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Which vein is commonly harvested for coronary bypass
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the great saphenous vein
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A collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS is called
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a nucleus
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A collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS
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a ganglion
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