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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is an inorganic molecule?
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molecule that does not contain carbon
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what are some inorganic molecules?
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water, acids, bases, salts
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what are acids?
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proton donors
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what are bases?
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proton acceptors
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what are salts?
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electrolytes
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what are the different carbohydrates?
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monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
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what is an example of a monosaccharide?
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glucose and fructose
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what is an example of a disaccharide?
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sucrose and maltose
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what is an example of a polysaccharide?
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glycogen and starch
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what are the types of lipids?
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fats, phospholipids and steroids
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what determines a protein's 3-D shape?
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its amino acid sequence
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what determines a protein's function?
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its 3-D shape
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why is the tertiary structure important in a protein?
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its function depends on the tertiary structure, if this is disrupted, the protein becomes denatured
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what is a denatured protein?
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protein that is no longer functional
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what are two nucleic acids?
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DNA and RNA
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what are the structure and bases of DNA?
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double stranded helix, A,T,C,G(adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine)
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what are the structure and bases of RNA?
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single stranded, A,C,G,U(adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil
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what kind of sugar is DNA?
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deoxyribose
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what kind of sugar is RNA?
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ribose
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who were Watson and Crick?
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found out that DNA was a double helix structure
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in the PH scale what number is considered neutral?
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seven
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what numbers in the ph scale are considered acidic?
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any numbers less than 7
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what numbers in the ph scale are considered basic?
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any numbers greater than 7
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what do buffers do?
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resist changes in ph solutions when either acids or bases are added
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what is sickle cell anemia?
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an inherited disease where blood cells are abnormal and Hb(hemoglobin protein) is altered and the blood cells become crescent shaped instead of disc shaped
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what is a cell?
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the smallest unit of life
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what is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
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prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus, eukaryotic cells have had atleast 1 nucleus in their lifetime
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what are the eukaryotic cell components?
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plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, nucleus
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what is the main function of the plasma membrane?
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controls movement in/out of the cell
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what is the main function of the cytoplasm?
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is the site where most chemical reactions take place
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what is the function of the organelles?
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dependent on the specific structure and function of the cell, are found within the cytoplasm
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what is the function of the nucleus?
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contains most of the genetic information of the cell
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