Anatomy Test 1

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

Structure

Front 2

Physiology

Back 2

Function

Front 3

Gross Anatomy (Macroscopic anatomy)

Back 3

The examination of relatively large structures and features usually visible with the unaided eye

Front 4

Systematic Anatomy

Back 4

The study of the structure of organ systems

Front 5

Surface Anatomy

Back 5

The study of general form and superficial markings.

Front 6

Regional Atatomy

Back 6

focuses on the anatomical organization of specific areas of the body, such as the head, neck, or trunk.

Front 7

Developmental Anatomy

Back 7

Describes the changes that occur between conception and physical maturity.

Front 8

Embryology

Back 8

Science of the origin and development of the organism from fertilization

Front 9

Clinical Anatomy

Back 9

Medically related anatomy

Front 10

Levels of Organization

Back 10

Chemicals/Molecules->Cells->Tissues->Organs->Organ systems->Organisms

Front 11

Microscopic Anatomy

Back 11

Deals with structures that must be seen with magnification.

Front 12

The integumentary System

Back 12

Skin, Hair, Sweat glands, Nails.

Front 13

The Nervous System

Back 13

Brain, Spinal cord, Peripheral nerves, sense organs

-Uses neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters travel through neurons. Faster than endocrine system.

Front 14

The Central Nervous System

Back 14

Brain, Spinal cord, cranial nerves.

Front 15

The Skeletal System

Back 15

Bones, Cartilages, bone marrow.

Front 16

The endocrine System

Back 16

Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads (testes and ovaries), endocrine tissues in other systems.

-The endocrine system uses hormones. Hormones travel in the blood.

Front 17

The muscular system

Back 17

Skeletal muscle

Front 18

The cardiovascular system

Back 18

Heart, blood, blood vessels.

Front 19

The lymphatic system

Back 19

Spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils.

Front 20

The urinary system

Back 20

Kidneys, ureters, Urinary bladder, urethra

Front 21

Ureter

Back 21

Connects kidney to urinary bladder.

Front 22

Urethra

Back 22

Tube that delivers urine out of the body.

Front 23

The Respiratory System

Back 23

Nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli

Front 24

The Digestive System

Back 24

Teeth, tongue, pharynx (throat), Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, Pancreas.

Front 25

The male reproductive system

Back 25

Testes, prostate gland, penis, scrotum (Skin surrounding testes).

Front 26

The female reproductive system

Back 26

Ovaries, Uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia (lips), Clitoris, mammary glands.

Front 27

The Anatomical position

Back 27

The way you orient yourself. Thumbs out, palms forward.)

Front 28

Anterior

Back 28

Front

Front 29

Posterior

Back 29

Back/behind

Front 30

Medial

Back 30

Towards middle

Front 31

Lateral

Back 31

Towards side

Front 32

Superior

Back 32

Above

Front 33

Inferior

Back 33

Below

Front 34

Ventral

Back 34

Front

Front 35

Dorsal

Back 35

Back

Front 36

Epi

Back 36

On top/ surface

Front 37

Endo

Back 37

Inside

Front 38

Hyper

Back 38

Above

Front 39

Hypo

Back 39

Below

Front 40

Supine

Back 40

Face up

Front 41

Prone

Back 41

Face down

Front 42

Abdomen

Back 42

Stomach area

Front 43

Cervical

Back 43

Neck

Front 44

Thoracic

Back 44

Chest/ upper back

Front 45

Lumbar

Back 45

Lower back

Front 46

Sacral

Back 46

Below lumbar

Front 47

Dosrum

Back 47

Dorsal

Front 48

Inguinal

Back 48

Groin

Front 49

Proximal

Back 49

Toward (from torso)

Front 50

Distal

Back 50

Away (From torso)

Front 51

Superficial

Back 51

Toward surface

Front 52

Deep

Back 52

Below surface

Front 53

Gluteus

Back 53

Buttock

Front 54

Pubis

Back 54

Between groin

Front 55

Contralateral

Back 55

Opposite side

Front 56

Ipsilateral

Back 56

Same side

Front 57

Cephalic

Back 57

Towards the head

Front 58

Transverse Plane (section)/ Cross Section

Back 58

Divides the body into superior and interior sections.

-A cut in this plane is called a transverse section or cross section

Front 59

Frontal Plane (Coronal Plane)

Back 59

Divides body into anterior and posterior

Front 60

Sagittal Plane

Back 60

Divides body into left and right.

-If slice is thorugh the middle of the body it is called mid-sagittal section.

-If slice is off center, it is referred to as parasagittal section.

Front 61

Body Cavities

Back 61

Body cavities are where the vital organs are suspended in internal chambers.

-Functions: Protect delicate organs, and permit changes in the size and shape of internal organs.

Front 62

Dorsal Body Cavity

Back 62

Cranial Cavity

Spinal Cavity

Front 63

Ventral Body Cavity

Back 63

-Heart, lungs, kidneys, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, etc.

-Two cavities sepereated by the diaphram- Thoracic cavity: superior to diaphragm

Abdominopelvic cavity: inferior to diaphragm.

Front 64

Viscera

Back 64

General term for all organs

Front 65

Serous Membrane

Back 65

A fluid filled sac.

-Pleura: surrounds lungs

-Pericardial: surrounds heart

-Peritoneum: surrounds abdomen pelvic region.

-Layer of serous membrane closer to the organ is called visceral. Layer farther away is parietal.

Front 66

Condenser

Back 66

Collects the rays of light into a single cone of light

Front 67

Parfocal

Back 67

A specimen in focus on one objective will be approximately in focus on other objectives.