Anatomy Terminology 2 Terms

Front 1

Acardia

Back 1

Congenital absence of the heart

Front 2

Anemia

Back 2

Any condition in which the red cell count, hemoglobin level, and/or hematocrit are less than normal

Front 3

Anosmia

Back 3

A loss of the sense of smell

Front 4

Anoxemia

Back 4

Insufficient oxygenation of the arterial blood

Front 5

Anoxia

Back 5

The absence of oxygen from inspired gases, arterial blood, or tissues; often used incorrectly to indicate hypoxia

Front 6

Apnea

Back 6

Temporary cessation of breathing

Front 7

Arteriole

Back 7

A tiny artery that takes blood into capillaries

Front 8

Atony

Back 8

Relaxation, flaccidity, or lack of tone or tension

Front 9

Atrophy

Back 9

Wasting away of a normally developed organ or tissue due to degeneration of cells caused by undernourishment, lack of use, or aging

Front 10

Cholinesterase

Back 10

A family of enzymes capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of acycholines

Front 11

Chondroplasty

Back 11

Reparative or plastic surgery of cartilage

Front 12

Chromosome

Back 12

Thread-like structures in the nucleus that contains genes; forms a darkly-staining body during cell division

Front 13

Corpus

Back 13

The principle part of any organ; any mass or body

Front 14

Corpuscle

Back 14

1. Any small rounded body
2. An encapsulated sensory nerve ending

Front 15

Cytoplasm

Back 15

The substance of a cell exclusive of the nuleus

Front 16

Dysphagia

Back 16

Condition in which swallowing is difficult or painful

Front 17

Dysplasia

Back 17

Condition of abnormal tissue development

Front 18

Erythrocyte

Back 18

A red blood cell

Front 19

Extracorporeal

Back 19

Outside of the body

Front 20

Glucogenic

Back 20

Giving rise to or producing glucose

Front 21

Glucometer

Back 21

A device used to measure levels of glucose in the blood, usually sampled by sticking the finger

Front 22

Glycolipid

Back 22

A lipid containing a sugar molecule found in the myelin sheath of nerves

Front 23

Glycolysis

Back 23

The energy-yielding conversion of glucose to 2 pyruvic acid molecules in cells

Front 24

Hematology

Back 24

The study of blood and blood-forming tissues, and the disorders associated with them

Front 25

Hemolysis

Back 25

Destruction of red blood cells with liberation of hemoglobin into the surrounding medium

Front 26

Hemolytic

Back 26

Relating to that which is destructive to red blood cells

Front 27

Hydrocephalus

Back 27

Condition marked by excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); sometimes the accumulated fluid leads to increased intracranial pressure

Front 28

Hyperlipemia

Back 28

The presence of an abnormally high concentration of fats in the blood

Front 29

Hyperlipidemia

Back 29

The presence of an abnormally high concentration of fats in the blood

Front 30

Hyperphagia

Back 30

overeating, in a single sitting

Front 31

Hyperplasia

Back 31

The increased production and growth of normal cells (not tumor cells) in a tissue or organ, resulting in an abnormal increase in size of the tissue or organ

Front 32

Hypertrophy

Back 32

Increase in the size of a tissue or organ due to growth rather than tumor formation; increase in size results from an increase in cellular components (such as proteins), NOT from an increase in cell number

Front 33

Hypochromia

Back 33

Condition in which the percentage of hemoglobin in the red blood cells is below the normal range

Front 34

Hypotonic

Back 34

1. Describes a solution having a lower osmotic pressure than another solution
2. State of muscle having less tension than normal

Front 35

Hypoxia

Back 35

An oxygen deficiency, short of anoxia; decrease below normal levels of O2 in inspired air.

Front 36

Intra-alvelolar

Back 36

Inside of an alveolus

Front 37

Intracellular

Back 37

With in a cell or cells

Front 38

Intragastric

Back 38

Within the stomach

Front 39

Intercostal

Back 39

Between the ribs

Front 40

Intermembranous

Back 40

Between the membranes

Front 41

Isotonic

Back 41

1. Describes a solution having the same osmotic pressure as another solution
2. Having equal tension
3. Type of muscular contraction in which shortening occurs while tension remains unchanged

Front 42

Leukocyte

Back 42

A white blood cell

Front 43

Leukoderma

Back 43

An absence, either partial or total, of pigment in the skin

Front 44

Lipase

Back 44

An enzyme capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of lipids

Front 45

Lysosome

Back 45

A membrane bound cytoplasmic organelle which contains hydrolytic enzymes

Front 46

Monocyte

Back 46

A type of white blood cell that is relatively large and contains a single oval-shaped nucleus; also called mononuclear leukocyte.

Front 47

Oxidation

Back 47

1. Process of combining oxygen with a substance
2. Loss of electrons in an atom, accompanied by increase in positive valence

Front 48

Phagocytosis

Back 48

The process of ingestion and digestion of solid substance by cells

Front 49

Plasmolysis

Back 49

Shrinking of cytoplasm in a living cell caused by loss of water by osmosis

Front 50

Polychromatophilic

Back 50

Pertaining to the property of staining readily with acid, neutral, or basic dyes, especially certain red blood cells

Front 51

Polyphagia

Back 51

Excessive eating in multiple sittings

Front 52

Reticulocyte

Back 52

An immature red blood cell with a network of precipitated basophilic material in the cytoplasm

Front 53

Reticulum

Back 53

A network of tubules or blood vessels

Front 54

Rhinoplasty

Back 54

Plastic surgery to change the shape or size of your nose

Front 55

Somatic

Back 55

Relating to the trunk, the wall of the body cavity, or to the body in general

Front 56

Thrombolytic

Back 56

Describing an agent that breaks up the blood clots

Front 57

Venule

Back 57

A tiny vein that drains blood from capillaries