Anatomy-Superficial Back

Front 1

The nuchal area includes parts of what bones?

Back 1

1.parietal
2. occipital
3. temporal

Front 2

The external bony landmarks on the occipital bone include the?

Back 2

1. external occipital protuberence
2. superior nuchal line
3. external occipital crest

Front 3

T or F: C1 has only a posterior tubercle?

Back 3

True

Front 4

What cervical vertebrae have bifid spines?

Back 4

C2-C6

Front 5

What is another name for C7?

Back 5

vertebra prominens

Front 6

At what levels do you have palpable vertebral spines?

Back 6

C6-L5

Front 7

Where does the ligamentum nuchae attach superiorly?

Back 7

At the inion and the external occipital crest.

Front 8

What ligament runs down the posterior of the cervical spine?

Back 8

Ligamentum nuchae

Front 9

What are the 3 borders of the scapula?

Back 9

superior,medial, and lateral

Front 10

What are the 3 angles of the scapula?

Back 10

Superior, inferior, and lateral

Front 11

What are the 2 processes of the scapula?

Back 11

spine and Coracoid

Front 12

What are the 3 fossae of the scapula?

Back 12

supraspinous, infraspinous, and subscapular

Front 13

At what area do the infraspinous and supraspinous fossae communicate?

Back 13

Spinoglenoid notch

Front 14

What closes off the suprascapular notch superiorly?

Back 14

Transverse scapular ligament

Front 15

What runs inferior to the transverse scapular ligament?

Back 15

Suprascapular nerve

Front 16

What runs superiorly to the transverse scapular ligament and why?

Back 16

The suprascapular vessels (suprascapular artery) so they can expand with increased blood volume.

Front 17

To detect fractures of the scapula you should?

Back 17

Manipulate between the coracoid process and the inferior angle.

Front 18

The angles of the ribs are marked by the attachment of the?

Back 18

iliocostalis muscle

Front 19

What serves as the posterior attachment for the erector spinae muscles?

Back 19

Iliac Crest

Front 20

What is a dermatome?

Back 20

The area of skin supplied by the sensory terminal branches of both dorsal and ventral rami of a single dorsal nerve root.

Front 21

What is the longest dorsal rami and where does it extend?

Back 21

The cutaneous branch of T2 which extends to the shoulder area.

Front 22

At what levels do the medial branches of the dorsal rami become cutaneous close to the medial plane?

Back 22

T1-T9 or above the mid-thoracic region

Front 23

At what levels do the lateral branches of the dorsal rami become cutaneous close to the medial plane?

Back 23

T10+ or below the mid-thoracic region

Front 24

What are the 3 muscle layers of the back?

Back 24

Superficial, intermediate, and deep

Front 25

What is the purpose of the superficial muscle layer on the back?

Back 25

It acts on the upper limb.

Front 26

What muscles compose the superficial layer of the back?

Back 26

1. latissimus dorsi
2. trapezius
3. levator scapulae
4. rhomboidei (major and minor)

Front 27

What are the origins of the latissimus dorsi?

Back 27

1.The thoracolumbar fascia of the inferior 6 thoracic, all lumbar, and all sacral spines.
2. outer lip of the iliac crest
3. ribs 9-12
4. floor of the intertubicular sulcus of the humerus

Front 28

What innervates the latissimus dorsi, and from where does that nerve originate?

Back 28

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6,7,8) from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

Front 29

What is the function of the latissimus dorsi?

Back 29

Extends, medially rotates, and adducts the humerus.

Front 30

What are the origins of the trapezius?

Back 30

1. the skull
2. ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7-T12
3. lateral 1/3 of clavicle
4. acromion and crest of spine of scapula
5. tubercle on inferior lip of the crest of spine of the scapula

Front 31

What innervates the trapezius?

Back 31

1.The accessory nerve (spinal portion of cranial nerve XI, motor)
2. C3-4 ventral rami (sensory)

Front 32

What spinal roots make up the accessory nerve?

Back 32

Spinal portion of cranial nerve XI from C1-5 spinal roots.

Front 33

What is the function of the trapezius?

Back 33

1.adducts the scapula and elevates the shoulder.
2. acts as suspensory muscle of the shoulder girdle.
3. inferior fibers assist the superior fibers in rotation of the scapula.

Front 34

What are the origins of the levator scapulae?

Back 34

1.Transverse process of C1-4(posterior tubercles)
2. medial border of the scapula

Front 35

What innervates the levator scapulae?

Back 35

Dorsal Scapular nerve (C5), C3-4

Front 36

What is the function of the levator scapulae?

Back 36

Elevates the scapula.

Front 37

What are the origins of the rhomboidei?

Back 37

1. Ligamentum Nuchae and spines of cervical and T1-4
2. medial border of the scapula

Front 38

What innervates the rhomboidei muscle?

Back 38

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Front 39

What is the function of the rhomboidei muscle?

Back 39

Adducts the scapula

Front 40

What forms the Triangle of Auscultation?

Back 40

1.Medial border of the scapula
2.Superior border of the latissimus dorsi
3.Lateral border of the trapezius

Front 41

What is formed by the vertebral border of the scapula, superior border of the latissimus dorsi, and lateral border of the trapezius?

Back 41

Triangle of Auscultation

Front 42

What does the Triangle of Auscultation cover? What is it superficial to?

Back 42

1. covers ribs 6-7 intercostal space and rib 7
2. lies superficial to the cardiac orifice of the stomach on the left side.

Front 43

What makes up the lumbar triangle?

Back 43

1.Posterior border of external oblique
2. iliac crest
3. latissimus dorsi

Front 44

The posterior border of the external oblique, the iliac crest, and the latissimus dorsi make up the borders to what?

Back 44

Lumbar triangle