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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What would happen to Joe who has an extra rib in the cervical region if he fractured his clavicle? What is this known as?
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Thoracic outlet syndrome...
extra rib or ribs in the lower cervical region can cause impingement of the large vessels and brachial plexus in this region |
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What type of movements does the cervical vertebrae allow?
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flexion extension, lateral flexion and greatest range of rotation in entire vertebral column
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What is an example of a pre-disposed condition that leads to herniated discs in the thoracic region... what region of the vertabrae do herniated disks usually occur?
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a. predisposed from Scheuerman's Disease- abnormal kyphosis
b. usually get them in lumbar |
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What directions do herniated discs of the lumbar region usually occur?
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posterolateral direction
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What in the lumbar region might you expect if someone fell in the seated position?
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herniated disk
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What is spondylolysis and what does it cause?
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its a broken vertebrae due to trauma
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Where would you do a lumbar puncture?
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In the cauda aquina region L3-5
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What are the primary and secondary curvatures and what dictates the labeling?
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Primary
1. thoracic 2. sacral secondary 1. cervical 2. lumbar Dictated by primary develop first |
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What radiographic feature would show up to identify a fracture associated with spondylolysis?
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scotty dog-- fracture on collar
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What lumbar number are spondylolysis most common?
What is it called when one vertebral lumbar slides on top of the one below it? |
L5
spondylolisthesis |
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what are causes of compression fractures?
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collapse of vertebral bone, trauma, or degenerative,
- also heavy weight lifting |
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Describe what is known as sacrilization..
Compare and contrast osteopenia and osteoporosis... |
fusion of L5 to sacrum
- penia- thinning or decrease in bone mass - porosis- conditon of diminished bone density |
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If I was showing signs of impingement syndrome? What are two possible diagnosis and what are problems associated with each?
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tendinitis- supraspinatus tendon is impinged
bursitis- can involve subacromial |
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What condition happens when there is irritation to the great occipital and lesser occipital nerves?
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occipital neuralgia
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What is it often called when there is a fracture to the anterior or posterior arches of C1?
What are common causes? |
Jefferson fracture
- diving, car accident, any kind of compression of C1 |
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What is the name of the common fracture to C2? Causes?
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Hangman's
judicial hangings |
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What is an injury to the pars interarticularis?
If you were hit from a side blow from a bat, what kind of cervical injury might you expect? |
hangman's fracture C2 dislocation or fracture
- fracture of Dens... no fancy name! |
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When hit from behind in a car what injury might a person expect?
What part of neck is injury caused by? |
acceleration deceleration syndrome... (whiplash)
torn anterior longitudinal ligament |
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If i were to suddenly hyperextend or twist too quickly your kneck.. what might this cause?
-What would patient show? What is the fancy name? |
vertebral artery impingement- aka bow hunters syndrome
- uncontrolled jittery eyes, dizziness, confusion |
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Compare the nerves and functions of muscles in back that are extrinsic (hypaxial) and intrinsic (epaxial)...
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Extrinsic- moving limbs, CN1 (accessory) or branches of brachial plexus
Intrinsic- posture, and vertebral movements, dorsal rami (proprioception) |
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What are the main name of the intrinsic superficial and deep (epaxial) muscles of the back and spine?
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Superficial
1. Splenius (2) 2. Erector spinae (3) Deep 1. transversospinalis (3) 2. Segmental (3) |
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What ligament lines the upper cervical region? What membrane does it become as you move superiorly?
What ligament lines within this membrane? |
- becomes tectorial membrane
Cruciate ligament is deep inside tectorial membrane |
