Anatomy Skull Scalp Face

Front 1

sagittal suture

Back 1

midline between parietal bones

Front 2

coronal suture

Back 2

in coronal plane
where parietals meet frontal bone

Front 3

lambdoid suture

Back 3

union of occipital and parital bone forming a "lambda" shape

Front 4

occipitomsatoid suture

Back 4

between mastoid part of temporal bone and occipital bone- appears as continuation of the lambda suture

Front 5

squamosal suture

Back 5

union between parietal and temporal bones in the temporal fossa

Front 6

parietomastoid suture

Back 6

between mastoid part of temporal bone and posterior inferior part of parietal bone

Front 7

Sutural bone

Back 7

small wierd shaped bone located in suture lines- mostly in lambda suture.

Front 8

Pterion craniometric point

Back 8

junction of greater wing of sphenoid, squamous temporal, frontal, and parietal bones.

anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery (fracture here could cause epideral bleed)

Front 9

lambda craniometric point

Back 9

point of calvaria at junction of lambdoid and sagital sutures

Front 10

Bergma craniometric point

Back 10

point of calvaria at junction of coronal and sagital sutures

Front 11

Vertex craniometric point

Back 11

Superior point of nuerocranium

Front 12

Asterion craniometric point

Back 12

Star shaped
junction of parietomastoid occipitomastoid and lambdoid sutures

Front 13

Glabella craniometric point

Back 13

smooth prominence, most noted in males

on frontal bones superior to root of nose, most anterior projection of forehead

Front 14

Inion

Back 14

most prominent point of external occipital protuberance

Front 15

Nasion

Back 15

point on cranium where frontonasal and internasal sutures meet

Front 16

What are facial muscles developed from?

Back 16

mesoderm of the 2nd pharyngeal arch

Front 17

What nerve intervates facial muscles

Back 17

CN VII facial nerve

Front 18

What muscle acts to tense the skin in the neck and depress the mandible?
(Shaving muscle in men)

Back 18

Platysma

Front 19

What muscle compresses the cheeks and lips against the teeth and helps to keep food between the teeth during chewing- helps compress the cheeks during blowing?

Located deep in cheeks and covered by Buccal Fat Pad/

Back 19

Buccinator

Front 20

What muscle attaches to lateral angle of mouth to elevate labial comissure to "smile"

Back 20

zygomaticus major

Front 21

what muscle attaches to infraorbital margin and skin of upper lip- elevates upper lip?

Back 21

levator labii superioris

Front 22

What muscle runs from mandible up to the angle of mouth to depress the labial commisure as in frowning?

Back 22

depressor anguli oris

Front 23

What muscle has two bellies, a frontal- wrinkles forehead
a occipital- pulls scalp posteriorly
And what connects them?

Back 23

Occipitofrontalis

Epicranial aponeurosis

Front 24

what are the 3 parts of the orbicularis oris muscle and where is their location?

Back 24

1) palpebral part- within eyelids
2) lacrimal part- post. to lacrimal sac
3) orbital part- attached to the bony orbital

Front 25

What are the attachments of the scalp:
1) Posteriorly
2) Anteriorly
3) Laterally

Back 25

1) Superior nuchal lines and
External occ. protuberance
2) Superciliary arches of
Frontal bone
3) Zygomatic arches

Front 26

From superfical to deep, what are the layers of the SCALP?

Back 26

Skin
Dense Connectice Tissue
(vessels and nerves)
Aponeurotic Layer
(occipitofrontalis/ galae apo)
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium

Front 27

Where is the plane of seperation of the scalp?

Back 27

between the aponeurotic layer and the loose areolar tissue

Front 28

What is the primary sensory nerve to the face and scalp?

Back 28

Trigeminal Nerve CN V

Front 29

What are the 3 divisions of CNV?

Back 29

CNV 1= ophthalmic nerve
CNV 2= maxillary nerve
CNV 3= mandibular nerve

Front 30

Which division contains both sensory and motor?

Back 30

CNV3= mandibular nerve

Front 31

ophthalmic nerve exists skull....
and gives off what 3 nerves?

Back 31

through Superior Orbital Fissure
1) Frontal Nerve
2) Lacrimal Nerve
3) Nasociliary Nerve

Front 32

2 branches of Frontal Nerve and their intervation?

Back 32

1) Supraorbital Nerve- skin of middle part of upper eyelid and skin of the forehead and scalp to the vertex

2) Supratrochlear Nerve- skin of medial part of the upper eyelid and skin of the anteromedial forehead

Front 33

Intervatoin of Lacrimal Nerve?

Back 33

skin on lateral aspect of upper eyelid

Front 34

2 cutaneous branches of Nasociliary Nerve and their intervation/

Back 34

1) Infratrochlear Nerve- skin lateral to nose and eyelid in region of medial canthus of eye

2) external nasal nerve- dorsum of nose to its apex

Front 35

Path of CNV 2 (Maxillary Nerve) and it's 2 branches/

Back 35

through foramen rotundum, enters pterygopalatine fossa, passes into orbit via inferior orbital fissure

1) Zygomatic Nerve (branches)
2) Infraorbital nerve

Front 36

2 branches of Zygomatic Nerve with intervatoin?

Back 36

1) Zygomaticofacial- skin inferolateral to lateral canthus of eye

2) Zygomaticotemporal- skin over anterior part of temporal fossa

Front 37

The infraorbital is a contination of....
where does it pass and what's its intervation?

Back 37

continutation of maxillary nerve
passes through INFRAORBITAL FORAMEN

supplies skin of the lateral side of the nose, lower eyelid, cheek and upper lip

Front 38

What is the smallest and the largest nerve of the trigeminal?

Back 38

Smallest- ophthalmic

Largest- Mandibular

Front 39

What does the Mandibular pass through, what are the 3 cutaneous braches of it?

Back 39

passes through FORAMEN OVALE

1) auriculotemporal
2) buccal
3) mental

Front 40

intervation of the auriculotemporal nerve/

Back 40

two roots that encircle the middle medingeal artery in the infratemporal fossa

Supplies skin on the ant part of auricle, external acoustic meatus, superior tympanic membrane, and post part of temporal region

Front 41

Intervation of Buccal Nerve?

Back 41

DOES NOT INTERVATE THE BUCCINATOR!!!!

skin of cheek and over ramus of mandible

Front 42

Intervation of Mental Nerve?

Back 42

Passes through MENTAL FORAMEN

skin of chin and mucous membrane and skin of lower lip

Front 43

Where do cutanous nerves to the head originate?

Back 43

Spinal Nerves C2 and C3

Front 44

What 2 nerves come off of ventral rami and their intervation?

Back 44

1) GREATER AUIRCULAR
sensation over area of mastoid process, lower auricle, angle of mandible, and posterior part of parotid gland.

2) LESSER OCCIPITAL
skin above and behind ear

Front 45

What 2 nerves come off of dorsal rami and their intervation?

Back 45

1) GREATER OCCIPITAL (C2)
-passes inf to suboccipital triangle
-supplies back of scalp
-runs with occipital artery

2) THIRD OCCIPITAL NERVE (C3)
-supply near external occipital protuberance

Front 46

What is the motor nerve to all the muscles of fascial expression?

Back 46

CN VII (facial nerve)

Front 47

What are the 6 branches of the facial nerve?

Back 47

1) posterior auricular nerve
2) temporal branches
3) zygomatic branches
4 buccal branches
5 marginal mandibular branches
6 cervical braches

Front 48

What is the course of CN VII (facial nerve)?

Back 48

leaves skull via the stylomastoid process--- most branches pass through the parotid salivary gland and then emerge from gland

Front 49

What is the course and intervation of posterior auricular nerve?

Back 49

FIRST BRANCH OFF CN VII.
passes between external acoustic meatus and mastoid process to intervate auricular muscles and occipital belly of occipitofrontalis

Front 50

What is the course and intervation of temporal branches of CN VII?

Back 50

Leave from superior border of the parotid gland-- cross zygomatic arch

supply muscles in the temporal, forehead, and supraorbital regions

Front 51

What is the course and intervation of the zygomatic branches of CN VII?

Back 51

cross zygomatic bone moving towards the lateral angle of mouth, some branches funning along side parotid duct

inntervate zygomaticus major and orbicularis oculi

Front 52

What is the course and intervation of the buccal branches of CV VII?

Back 52

pass in cheek towards the infraorbital region and lateral angle of mouth, some branches running along side parotid duct

supply nasal muscles and superficial muscles of the upper lip and cheek

Front 53

What is the course and intervation of the marginal mandibular branches of CN VII?

Back 53

exit near apex of parotid gland, course supperficial to masseter and deep to depressor anguli oris, next to inf margin of mandibular

supplies the two depressors of mouth and mentalis

Front 54

What is the course and intervation of the cervical branches?

Back 54

passes posterior to angle of mandible-- decends into neck, deep to platysma

supplies platysma