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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Site commonly used to harvest bone marrow
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the sternun (sternal puncture)because it lies just beneath the skin
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condition resulting in reduction in the quantity of bone or atrophy of skeletal tissue
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osteoporosis
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All bones derive from this embryonic connective tissue
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mesenchyme
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what are heterotopic bones?
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bones that form in soft tissues where they are not normally present (ex.horse riders)
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How are joints classified
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by the manner and type of material by which the articulating bones unite
-three classes 1. synovial joints 2.firous joints 3 cartilaginous joints |
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What are the types of synovial joints?
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1. pivot - uniaxial atlantoaxial joint
2. ball and socket - multiaxial joint,femur 3. plane - uniaxial, acromioclavicular joint 4. hinge -uniaxial, elbow joint 5. saddle - biaxial, carpometacarpal joint 6. condyloid - biaxial, metacarpalphalangeal joint |
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what are fibrous joints and give examples
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joined by fibrous tissue such as sutures
-syndesmosis type: partially movable as in the interosseous membrane between the radius and ulna -gomphosis: between the root of tthe tooth and the alveolar process of the jaw |
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what are cartilaginous joints
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united by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage. 2 types:
1. Primary: allow slight bending during early life, (epiphysial plate during bone development) 2. Secondary: united by fibrocartilage (intervertebral disc) |
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Name the types of skeletal muscles
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1. Flat - external oblique
2. Pennate - feather like, may be uni, bi, or multipennate. 3. fusiform - spindle shaped with round belly; biceps 4. Quadrade - 4 equal sides |
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the 2 types of phasic contractions
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1. isotonic - muscle changes length
2. isometric - muscle remains the same length |
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the 2 types of isotonic contractions
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1. concentric - movement occurs as a result of muscle shortening (raising the arm)
2. eccentric - contracting muscle lengthens (lowering the arm) |
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can skeletal muscle divide? or regenerate?
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Not divide but it can regenerate
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What is the function of the lymphatic system?
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-provides drainage of surplus tissue fluid
-removal of debri from cellular decomposition and infection |
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The right lymphatic duct drains what and into what?
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right side of head, neck and thorax and right limb. Drains into the right venous angle (juction of right internal jugular and sublclavian)
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The thoracic duct drains what and into what?
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the left and lower parts of the body and drains into the left venous angle
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What is neuroglia?
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supporting, non-excitable cells in the CNS that support, insulate and nourish the neurons.
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The types of neuroglia found in the CNS
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oligodendrites, astrocytes, ependymal cells and microglia
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The types of neuroglia found in the PNS
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satellite cells and neurolemma(Schwann cells)
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Which three layers constitute the meninges
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pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater
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How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
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31 pairs
8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal |
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With spinal nerves, which root consist of motor (efferent) fibes?
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The anterior (ventral)root. They originate in the anterior horn of the spinal cord gray matter
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With spinal nerves, which root consists of sensory (afferent) fibers?
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The posterior (dorsal) root which originates in the dorsal root ganglion
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Which ribs are Typical
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3rd-9th
with head, neck, tubercle, body, and angle |
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Which ribs are Atypical
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1, 2, 10-12
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Fx of 1st rib can cause injury to?
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brachial plexus and subclavian vessels
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What is a flail chest
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caused by multiple rib fx, a segment moves freely in a paradoxical motion (inward on inspiration and outward on expiration)
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What is rib dislocation?
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displacement of a costal cartilage from the sternum
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What is rib separation?
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refers to separation of the rib from its costal cartilage
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what tissue contains most of the fat deposits
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subcutaneous tissue beneath the dermis
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It plays an important role in protection, containment, heat regulation, and sensation, also synthesizes and stores Vit. D
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The skin
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Part of the bone that contains red or yellow bone marrow
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medullary cavity
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The only type of muscle that is multinucleated
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Skeletal muscle
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The type of contraction, as when the hamstring muscle shortens to raise the thigh in extension
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concentric contraction (movement causes a shortening of the muscle)
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The four muscles in the Rotator Cuff
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the Teres Minor
the Infraspinatus the Supraspinatus the Subscapularis |
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The ductus arteriousus connects which two vessels
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the pulmonary trunk to the aorta
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