Anatomy Senses

Front 1

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects specific molecules (e.g. pH)?

Back 1

Chemoreceptors

Front 2

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects changes in temperature?

Back 2

Thermoreceptors

Front 3

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects light?

Back 3

Photoreceptors

Front 4

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects physical changes (e.g. compression or stretch)of its plasma membrane?

Back 4

Mechanoreceptors

Front 5

Name the class of mechanoreceptor associated with touch/pressure.

Back 5

Tactile Receptors

Front 6

Name the class of mechanoreceptor associated with pressure

Back 6

Baroreceptors

Front 7

Name the class of mechanoreceptor associated with limb position

Back 7

Proprioceptors

Front 8

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects chemicals from damaged cells (interpreted as pain)?

Back 8

Nociceptors (naked dendrites)

Front 9

What type of pain involves the perception of pain in an amputated or excised part of the body?

Back 9

Phantom

Front 10

What is the explanation for this type of pain?

Back 10

Nerve bodies of the sensory neurons from that limb remain alive and propagate impulses to the CNS

Front 11

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects specific molecules (e.g. pH)?

Back 11

Chemoreceptors

Front 12

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects changes in temperature?

Back 12

Thermoreceptors

Front 13

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects light?

Back 13

Photoreceptors

Front 14

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects physical changes (e.g. compression or stretch)of its plasma membrane?

Back 14

Mechanoreceptors

Front 15

Name the class of mechanoreceptor associated with touch/pressure.

Back 15

Tactile Receptors

Front 16

Name the class of mechanoreceptor associated with pressure

Back 16

Baroreceptors

Front 17

Name the class of mechanoreceptor associated with limb position

Back 17

Proprioceptors

Front 18

Based on the modality of stimulus, what receptor type detects chemicals from damaged cells (interpreted as pain)?

Back 18

Nociceptors (naked dendrites)

Front 19

What type of pain involves the perception of pain in an amputated or excised part of the body?

Back 19

Phantom

Front 20

What is the explanation for Phantom pain?

Back 20

Nerve bodies of the sensory neurons from that limb remain alive and propagate impulses to the CNS

Front 21

What type of pain occurs when pain from the viscera is experienced originating in dermatomes within the skin rather than in the viscera itself?

Back 21

Referred Pain

Front 22

What is the explanation of referred pain?

Back 22

Neurons from the same spinal segment innervate both the damaged organ and the cutaneous region where pain is felt

Front 23

What is the technical term for the sense of taste?

Back 23

Gustation

Front 24

What cranial nerves carry sensations of taste to the brain?

Back 24

Facial (VII) and Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Front 25

What is the technical term for the sense of smell?

Back 25

Olfaction

Front 26

What cranial nerve carries impulses from olfactory receptors to the brain

Back 26

Olfactory (I)

Front 27

what stratified squamous epithelial tissue layer forms a lining over the eye (other than the cornea) and the inside of the eyelids and helps to lubricate the eye?

Back 27

Conjuctiva

Front 28

What gland, located superolateral to the eye, produces tears?

Back 28

Lacrimal Gland

Front 29

What canal drains tears into the nose?

Back 29

Nasolacrimal duct/canal

Front 30

The eye consists of 3 layers or tunics. Name them

Back 30

Superficial (avascular)- FIBROUS TUNIC
Middle-VASCULAR TUNIC
Deep (avascular)-NEURAL TUNIC

Front 31

What is the avascular, transparent anterior portion of the fibrous tunic?

Back 31

Cornea
-Has its own epithelial layer
-Should not have capillaries over it
-Contacts-become less permeable to chemicals over time

Front 32

What is the technical term for the white of the eye (dense fibrous connective tissue)?

Back 32

Slera
-Continous with cornea
-Has openings for drainage of aqueous humor

Front 33

What region of the vascular tunic is found in the posterior aspect of the eye and houses a vast network of capillaries to supply the retina?

Back 33

Choroid
-Adjacent to pigmented layer of the retina

Front 34

What is the thickened portion of the vascular tunic near the lens that contains a muscular ring and secretes aqueous humor?

Back 34

Ciliary Body

Front 35

What portion of the vascular tunic, the most anterior, is pigmented adjustable ring that determines the amount of light passing into the eye?

Back 35

Iris

Front 36

What do we call the hole in the iris?

Back 36

Pupil (not a structure but the absence of a structure)

Front 37

What layer of the eye, also referred to as the neural tunic, contains photoreceptors?

Back 37

Retina
-Many layers
-Rods detect movement
-Cones detect color

Front 38

What is the technical term of the posterior portion of the eye where neurons of the optic nerve form a round structure often referred to as the blinds spot because of its lack of photoreceptors?

Back 38

Optic Disc

Front 39

What round, pigmented area, containing a high density of cones (no rods), is located lateral to the blind spot on the posterior wall of the eye?

Back 39

Macula Lutea

Front 40

What location within the area provides our sharpest vision?

Back 40

Fovea Centralis

Front 41

What strong, deformable and elastic, transparent, bi-convex disc is located posterior to the iris?

Back 41

Lens

Front 42

What structures attach the lens (via the lens capsule) to the muscles that change its shape?

Back 42

Suspensory Ligaments (allow for adjustment)

Front 43

What are the names of the muscles responsible for changing the shape of the lens?

Back 43

Ciliary Muscles

Front 44

Describe the status of the cilliary muscles and the lens when viewing things up close

Back 44

Ciliary Muscles contracted, lens bi-convex
*Fatigue

Front 45

Describe the status of the cilliary muscles and the lens when viewing things at a distance.

Back 45

Ciliary Muscles relaxed, lens flat

Front 46

The lens divides the eye into two spaces. Name each and name the material that fills each space.

Back 46

Posterior Cavity-Vitreous Humor (body)
*Gleatinous, Stagnant
Anterior Cavity-Aqueous Humor
*Fluid recycled

Front 47

What is the name of the structure, found anterior to the pituitary, formed by the convergence of some of the tracts of the optic nerve?

Back 47

Optic Chiasm (chiasma)

Front 48

What are the 3 anatomical regions of the ear?

Back 48

External, Middle and Internal

Front 49

What do we call the skin covered flap of elastic cartilage that forms the projecting portion of the external ear?

Back 49

Auricle or Pinna

Front 50

What is the technical term for the funnel-shaped epithelial tissue sheet that separates the external auditory canal from the middle ear cavity?

Back 50

Tympanum or Tympanic Membrane

Front 51

What structure connects the middle ear cavity with the nasopharynx, allowing use to equalize the pressure of the middle ear with the external pressure?

Back 51

Auditory Tube

Front 52

List the auditory ossicles from lateral to medial?

Back 52

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

Front 53

What structures are the malleus and stapes attached to?

Back 53

Malleus-Tympanum
Stapes-Oval Window

Front 54

What do we call the bony space holding the inner ear, and the fluid filled tubes that sit in them?

Back 54

Bony space- BONY LABYRINTH
Fluid Filled Tubes- MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH

Front 55

What is the name of the snail-shaped portion of the inner ear that is responsible for hearing?

Back 55

Choclea

Front 56

What do we call the half-circle shaped structures of the ear responsible for rotational equilibrium?

Back 56

Semicircular Canal

Front 57

What do we call the middle portion of the inner ear responsible for gravitational equilibrium?

Back 57

Vestible *Composed of utricle and saccule