Anatomy - Posterior And Lateral Compartments Of The Leg

Front 1

What are the dermatomes of the following; medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, inferior lateral foot, inferior medial foot.

Back 1

- medial: L4

- lateral: S1

- inferior lateral foot: S1

- inferior medial foot: L5

Front 2

What are the contents of the anterior compartment of the leg? (6)

Back 2

- extensor/DF compartment

- tibialis anterior muscle

- extensor digitorum longus

- extensor hallucis longus

- anterior tibial artery and vein (2)

- deep fibular nerve

Front 3

What are the contents from the posterior compartment of the leg?

Back 3

- neurovascular structures: posterior tibial artery and veins (2), posterior tibial nerve

- superficial muscles: gastroc. plantaris, soleus

- deep muscles: tibialis posteior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus

Front 4

The deep and superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg are connected by ________.

Back 4

transverse intermuscular septum

Front 5

What are the contents of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Back 5

- neurovascular structures: superficial fibular nerve, fibular artery and veins (2)

- muscles: fibularis longus and brevis

Front 6

What originates here?

Back 6

- flexor hallucis longus

- distal 2/3 of the fibula

- interosseous membrane

Front 7

Where does the FHL insert?

Back 7

- distal phalanx of hallux

Front 8

What is the innervation and action of FHL?

Back 8

- inn. tibial nerve --> nerve to FHL (S2, S3)

- action: plantar flexes foot, flexes hallux, supports medial longitudinal arch

Front 9

What originates here?

Back 9

- FDL

- middle third of posterior surface of tibia, below soleal line

Front 10

What is the insertion of the FDL?

Back 10

plantar surface of the bases of distal phalanges

Front 11

What is the innervation and action of FDL?

Back 11

- tibial nerve --> nerve to FDL (S2, S3)

- PF ankle joint

- flexes interphalangeal joints of 4 lateral toes

- supports longitudinal arches

Front 12

What muscle originates at these highlighted areas?

Back 12

- tibialis posterior

- postero-lateral tibia (below soleal line)

- postero-medial fibular shaft

Front 13

What are the insertions f the tibialis posterior?

Back 13

- NICLB

- navicular

- intermediate cuneiform

- lateral cuneiform

- bases of metatarsals 2, 3, 4

Front 14

What is the innervation and action of TP?

Back 14

- tibial nerve --> nerve to tibialis posterior (L4, L5)

- actions; PF, supinates foot, supports medial longitudinal arch

Front 15

The TP muscle is the deepest muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg. T/F

Back 15

True

Front 16

What inserts here?

Back 16

Fibularis longus

- base of 1st metatarsal

- medial cuneiform

Front 17

What is the origin of FL?

Back 17

- head and shaft of fibula

Front 18

What is the innervation of FL?

Back 18

superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2

- same with fibularis brevis

Front 19

What arch does FL support? which does FB support?

Back 19

- FL supports transverse arch

- FB supports lateral longitudinal arch

Front 20

What inserts here?

Back 20

Fibularis brevis

- lateral side of the base of the 5th metatarsal

Front 21

The gastroc cannot produce plantar flexion when the knee is fully flexed. T/F

Back 21

True

Front 22

Label these muscles; what compartment(s) do they belong too?

Back 22

- fibularis longus

- tibialis anterior

- FB

- EDL

- EHL

- they belong to the lateral and anterior compartment of the leg

Front 23

Label these muscles; what compartment(s) do they belong too?

Back 23

- belong to the deep posterior compartment of the leg

- tibialis posterior

- FHL

- FDL

Front 24

Whats the main difference between the soleus and gastroc?

Back 24

- soleus is slow twitch muscle fibres, used for steadying leg on foot and slow walking

- gastroc is fast twitch muscle fibres; provides force propulusion in walking, running, jumping

Front 25

Gastroc makes up the _____ part of the achilles tendon and the soleus makes up the _______.

Back 25

lateral; medial

Front 26

What is the largest branch of the popliteal artery?

Back 26

The posterior tibial artery; main supplier of the posterior leg and sole of foot

Front 27

When does the posterior tibial artery give off the fibular artery branch?

Back 27

at the aponeurotic arch of the soleus

Front 28

Starting from the popliteal artery (inferior of knee joint), what are the subsequent branches that come off of it?

Back 28

- anterior tibial artery (after aponeurotic arch)

- posterior tibial artery (after aponeurotic arch)

- fibular artery

- posterior medial malleoli arteries

- posterior medial calcaneal arteries

Front 29

What branches come off the fibular artery?

Back 29

- posterior lateral malleoli arteries

- posterior lateral calcaneal arteries

Front 30

What are the branches of the popliteal artery at the knee joint?

Back 30

- superior medial and lateral genicular arteries

- middle genicular

- inferior medial and lateral genicular

- recurrent fibular

Front 31

Where does the sural nerve change its name?

Back 31

at the lateral malleolus, changes name to lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve

Front 32

What does the fibular artery supply?

Back 32

Muscles in the posterior and lateral compartment of the leg

Front 33

Label these arteries.

Back 33

- popliteal artery

- posterior tibial artery

- fibular artery

- anterior tibial artery

Front 34

What part of the foot does the deep fibular nerve innervate?

Back 34

- Lateral big toe and medial second toe

Front 35

What are the contents of the posterior tarsal tunnel?

Back 35

- Tibialis posterior

- FDL

- tibial arteries and veins

- tibial nerve

- FHL

Front 36

What does the calcaneal tendon reflex test?

Back 36

- tests S1-S2 nerve roots

Front 37

What is the difference between proximal tarsal tunnel and distal tarsal tunnel syndrome?

Back 37

- proximal: entrapment of the tibial nerve or its calcaneal branches

- distal: entrapment of the medial or lateral plantar nerve or its calcaneal branches h