Anatomy & Physiology Joints, Movements

Front 1

Arthrology

Back 1

MD's study development, physiology

Front 2

Kinesiology

Back 2

PhD's study dynamic aspect, athletics

Front 3

Fibrous (structure)

Back 3

fibrous connective tissue, no cavity

Front 4

Cartilaginous (structure)

Back 4

cartilage, no cavity

Front 5

Synovial (structure)

Back 5

capsule, joint cavity

Front 6

Synartrhoses (function)

Back 6

immovable joints

Front 7

Amphiarthroses (function)

Back 7

slightly movable joints

Front 8

Diarthroses (function)

Back 8

freely movable joints

Front 9

Fibrous Joints

Back 9

sutures- sagittal, lamdoidal (syn)
syndesmoses- tibia-fibula, radius-ulna (amphi)
gomphoses- tooth in alveolus (amphi-syn)

Front 10

Cartilaginous Joints

Back 10

symphyses- fibrocartilage discs (amphi)
synchondroses- hyaline costosternal (amphi-syn)

Front 11

Bony Joints

Back 11

synostoses- suture ossified frontal/mandible (syn)

Front 12

Synovial Joints

Back 12

hyaline seperates bones
fibrous capsule holds together
serous membrange with synovial fluid in cavity
(di)

Front 13

Gliding

Back 13

intercarpals, intertarsals

Front 14

Hinge

Back 14

elbow, knee, phalnges

Front 15

Pivot

Back 15

atlantoaxial, radioulnar

Front 16

Condyloid

Back 16

metacarpals and proximal phalanges (not quite a perfect circle)

Front 17

Saddle

Back 17

thumb

Front 18

Ball and Socket

Back 18

hip and shoulder

Front 19

Flexion

Back 19

decrease angle b/n bones

Front 20

Extension

Back 20

increase angle b/n bones

Front 21

Abduction

Back 21

taking bone away from origin

Front 22

Adduction

Back 22

returning bone to origin

Front 23

Rotation

Back 23

spining on longitudinal axis -- atlantoaxial, radialulnar

Front 24

Supination

Back 24

palm up (bones parallel)

Front 25

Pronation

Back 25

palm down (bones crossed)

Front 26

Circumduction

Back 26

trace a circle

Front 27

Inversion

Back 27

stand on lateral edge of foot

Front 28

Eversion

Back 28

stand on medial edge of foot

Front 29

Protraction

Back 29

move forward

Front 30

Retraction

Back 30

move backward

Front 31

Elevation

Back 31

raise

Front 32

Depression

Back 32

lower

Front 33

Levers

Back 33

fulcrum, effort, resistance

Front 34

First class

Back 34

E-F-R
ex. head balancing on occipital condyles

Front 35

Second class

Back 35

E-R-F
ex. balancing on toes

Front 36

Third class

Back 36

F-E-R
ex. bicep muscle movement

Front 37

TMJ

Back 37

temporomandibular joint
hinge and gliding joint
depression/elevation
protraction/retraction
lateral rotary movement
(pain, vertigo, tinnitus)

Front 38

Fusiform

Back 38

biceps brachii

Front 39

Parallel

Back 39

rectus abdominis

Front 40

Convergent

Back 40

pectoralis major

Front 41

Bipennate

Back 41

rectus femoris

Front 42

Multipennate

Back 42

deltoid

Front 43

Circular

Back 43

orbicularis oculi

Front 44

Intrinsic Muscles

Back 44

origin and insertion within particular structure
ex. within tongue, eyeball

Front 45

Extrinsic Muscles

Back 45

origin outside particular structure
ex. muscle to protrude tongue, move eyeball

Front 46

Innervation

Back 46

head/neck- cranial nerves (III IV VII)
rest of body- spinal nerves (T1 L4)

Front 47

Prime Mover

Back 47

agonist, most of energy

Front 48

Synergist

Back 48

work with agonist

Front 49

Antagonist

Back 49

oppose agonist

Front 50

Fixator

Back 50

anchor body part for other muscles to work

Front 51

Naming

Back 51

shape, location, attachment, size, orientation, relative position, function

Front 52

Aponeurosis

Back 52

flattened, sheet-like tendon

Front 53

Endomysium

Back 53

c.t. around muscle fiber

Front 54

Perimysium

Back 54

c.t. around fasicle (bundle) of fibers

Front 55

Epimysium

Back 55

c.t. around all bundles