Anatomy & Physiology From Chapter 1 & 2

Front 1

Sagittal

Back 1

Seperates L & R parts of the body

Front 2

Coronal

Back 2

Divides body into posterior & anterior sections "PAC"

Front 3

Transverse

Back 3

Divides body into superior and inferior sections "SIT"

Front 4

Oblique

Back 4

"Odd" At angle other than 90 or 0 degrees.

Front 5

Longitudinal

Back 5

Cut along the length of an organ

Front 6

Cross/Transverse

Back 6

Cut at right angle to length of the organ

Front 7

Diaphragm

Back 7

A muscle that divides the body cavity into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Front 8

Mediastinum

Back 8

Contains all structures of the thoracic cavity except the lungs, it divides the lungs.
Includes the esophagus, trachea, thymus, heart

Front 9

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Back 9

Includes the Abdominal cavitiy and the Pelvic cavity

Front 10

Serous Membranes

Back 10

-Cover the organs inside cavities but also lines the cavity themselves.

Front 11

Visceral Membrane

Back 11

Inner wall of the membrane closes to the organ

Front 12

Parietal Membrane

Back 12

Outer wall of the membrane furtherest away from the organ

Front 13

Pericardium

Back 13

Serous membrane of the heart

Front 14

Pleura

Back 14

Serous membrane of the lungs

Front 15

Peritoneum

Back 15

Serous membrane of the abdonminopelvic cavity

Front 16

Physiology

Back 16

The study of how living organisms function including such processes as nutrition, movement, and reproduction.

Front 17

Anatomy

Back 17

is a branch of biology and medicine that is the consideration of the structure of living things.

Front 18

Pathology

Back 18

he study of the essential nature of diseases and especially of the structural and functional changes produced by them

Front 19

Cytology

Back 19

The scientific study of the formation, structure, and function of cells

Front 20

Name the 11 body systems

Back 20

Cardiovascular
Digestive
Endocrine
Excretory
Immune
Muscular
Nervous
Reproductive
Respiratory
Skeletal

Front 21

Homeostasis

Back 21

The process by which the internal systems of the body maintain a balance, despite external conditions

Front 22

Name two types of effector organs

Back 22

Muscles and glands

Front 23

Anterior

Back 23

In front of, front

Front 24

Posterior

Back 24

After, behind, following, toward the rear

Front 25

Distal

Back 25

Away from, farther from the origin

Front 26

Proximal

Back 26

Near, closer to the origin

Front 27

Dorsal

Back 27

Near the upper surface, toward the back

Front 28

Ventral

Back 28

Toward the bottom, toward the belly

Front 29

Superior

Back 29

Above, over

Front 30

Inferior

Back 30

Below, under

Front 31

Lateral

Back 31

Toward the side, away from the mid-line

Front 32

Medial

Back 32

Toward the mid-line, middle, away from the side

Front 33

Rostral

Back 33

Toward the front

Front 34

Caudal

Back 34

Toward the back, toward the tail

Front 35

Lateral Plane or Sagittal Plane

Back 35

This plane divides the body into right and left regions.

Front 36

Frontal Plane or Coronal Plane

Back 36

This plane divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) regions.

Front 37

Transverse Plane

Back 37

This plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) regions.

Front 38

Intramolecular bonding

Back 38

Occurs when outermost electrons are either shared with or transfered to another atom

Front 39

Ionic Bonding

Back 39

Electrovalent bonding. Atoms exchange electrons. One gains another loses. Attracted due to opposing charge.

Front 40

Covalent Bonding

Back 40

Two or more atoms sharing electron pairs

Front 41

Polar Covalent

Back 41

An unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms resulting in a slight + charge on one side of the molecule and a slight - charge on the other side.

Front 42

Hyrdogen Bond

Back 42

A weak bond involving the sharing of an electron with a hydrogen atom; hydrogen bonds are important in the specificity of base pairing in nucleic acids and in the determination of protein shape.

Front 43

Ion

Back 43

An atom or group of atoms that acquire a charge by the gain or loss of electrons

Front 44

Cation

Back 44

Positively charged atoms

Front 45

Anion

Back 45

Negatively charged atoms

Front 46

Purpose of Phosphate

Back 46

(K) Part of bone and teeth, energy exchange, acid-base balance

Front 47

Purpose of Magnesium in the body

Back 47

Necessary for enzymes

Front 48

Purpose of Iodide

Back 48

Present in thyroid hormones

Front 49

Purpose of Calcium in the body

Back 49

Part of bones and teeth, blood clotting, muscle contractions, release of neurotransmitters

Front 50

Molecules

Back 50

Two or more atoms chemically joined together

Front 51

Compound

Back 51

Two or more DIFFERENT atoms chemically joined together.
All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds.

Front 52

Intermolecular Force

Back 52

Weak force between molecules
Occurs when partial positive H of one moleecule is attracted to partial (-) of O, N, F of another molecule

Front 53

Electrolyte

Back 53

Dissociation of an ionic compound in water.

Front 54

Non-electrolytes

Back 54

Solutions made by molecules that dissolve in water, but do not dissociate, do not conduct electricity

Front 55

Reactants

Back 55

Substance that enters into a chemical reaction

Front 56

Products

Back 56

Substance that results from a reaction

Front 57

Anabolic Reaction

Back 57

Synthesizing, building, making compounds

Front 58

Catabolic

Back 58

Break down, decomposition of of compounds. Energy released.

Front 59

Metabolism

Back 59

Sum of all anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body

Front 60

Dehydration

Back 60

Reaction where water is a product

Front 61

Hydrolysis

Back 61

Reaction where water is split into two parts that contribute to the formation of the products

Front 62

Oxidation and Reduction

Back 62

Oxidation: Loss of an electron
Reduction: Gain of an electron

Front 63

Potential Energy

Back 63

Energy that is stored that could do work if it was released. Chemical bond

Front 64

Kinetic Energy

Back 64

Energy in motion. Does work and moves matter.

Front 65

Mechanical Energy

Back 65

Energy resulting from the postion or movement of objects

Front 66

What increases the rate of a reaction

Back 66

Temperature
Concentration of reactant
Catalyst