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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sagittal
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Seperates L & R parts of the body
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Coronal
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Divides body into posterior & anterior sections "PAC"
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Transverse
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Divides body into superior and inferior sections "SIT"
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Oblique
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"Odd" At angle other than 90 or 0 degrees.
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Longitudinal
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Cut along the length of an organ
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Cross/Transverse
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Cut at right angle to length of the organ
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Diaphragm
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A muscle that divides the body cavity into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
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Mediastinum
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Contains all structures of the thoracic cavity except the lungs, it divides the lungs.
Includes the esophagus, trachea, thymus, heart |
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Abdominopelvic Cavity
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Includes the Abdominal cavitiy and the Pelvic cavity
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Serous Membranes
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-Cover the organs inside cavities but also lines the cavity themselves.
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Visceral Membrane
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Inner wall of the membrane closes to the organ
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Parietal Membrane
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Outer wall of the membrane furtherest away from the organ
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Pericardium
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Serous membrane of the heart
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Pleura
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Serous membrane of the lungs
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Peritoneum
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Serous membrane of the abdonminopelvic cavity
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Physiology
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The study of how living organisms function including such processes as nutrition, movement, and reproduction.
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Anatomy
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is a branch of biology and medicine that is the consideration of the structure of living things.
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Pathology
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he study of the essential nature of diseases and especially of the structural and functional changes produced by them
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Cytology
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The scientific study of the formation, structure, and function of cells
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Name the 11 body systems
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Cardiovascular
Digestive Endocrine Excretory Immune Muscular Nervous Reproductive Respiratory Skeletal |
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Homeostasis
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The process by which the internal systems of the body maintain a balance, despite external conditions
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Name two types of effector organs
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Muscles and glands
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Anterior
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In front of, front
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Posterior
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After, behind, following, toward the rear
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Distal
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Away from, farther from the origin
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Proximal
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Near, closer to the origin
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Dorsal
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Near the upper surface, toward the back
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Ventral
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Toward the bottom, toward the belly
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Superior
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Above, over
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Inferior
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Below, under
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Lateral
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Toward the side, away from the mid-line
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Medial
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Toward the mid-line, middle, away from the side
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Rostral
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Toward the front
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Caudal
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Toward the back, toward the tail
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Lateral Plane or Sagittal Plane
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This plane divides the body into right and left regions.
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Frontal Plane or Coronal Plane
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This plane divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) regions.
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Transverse Plane
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This plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) regions.
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Intramolecular bonding
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Occurs when outermost electrons are either shared with or transfered to another atom
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Ionic Bonding
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Electrovalent bonding. Atoms exchange electrons. One gains another loses. Attracted due to opposing charge.
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Covalent Bonding
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Two or more atoms sharing electron pairs
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Polar Covalent
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An unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms resulting in a slight + charge on one side of the molecule and a slight - charge on the other side.
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Hyrdogen Bond
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A weak bond involving the sharing of an electron with a hydrogen atom; hydrogen bonds are important in the specificity of base pairing in nucleic acids and in the determination of protein shape.
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Ion
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An atom or group of atoms that acquire a charge by the gain or loss of electrons
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Cation
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Positively charged atoms
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Anion
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Negatively charged atoms
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Purpose of Phosphate
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(K) Part of bone and teeth, energy exchange, acid-base balance
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Purpose of Magnesium in the body
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Necessary for enzymes
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Purpose of Iodide
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Present in thyroid hormones
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Purpose of Calcium in the body
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Part of bones and teeth, blood clotting, muscle contractions, release of neurotransmitters
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Molecules
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Two or more atoms chemically joined together
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Compound
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Two or more DIFFERENT atoms chemically joined together.
All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds. |
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Intermolecular Force
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Weak force between molecules
Occurs when partial positive H of one moleecule is attracted to partial (-) of O, N, F of another molecule |
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Electrolyte
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Dissociation of an ionic compound in water.
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Non-electrolytes
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Solutions made by molecules that dissolve in water, but do not dissociate, do not conduct electricity
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Reactants
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Substance that enters into a chemical reaction
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Products
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Substance that results from a reaction
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Anabolic Reaction
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Synthesizing, building, making compounds
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Catabolic
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Break down, decomposition of of compounds. Energy released.
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Metabolism
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Sum of all anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body
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Dehydration
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Reaction where water is a product
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Hydrolysis
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Reaction where water is split into two parts that contribute to the formation of the products
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Oxidation and Reduction
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Oxidation: Loss of an electron
Reduction: Gain of an electron |
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Potential Energy
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Energy that is stored that could do work if it was released. Chemical bond
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Kinetic Energy
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Energy in motion. Does work and moves matter.
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Mechanical Energy
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Energy resulting from the postion or movement of objects
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What increases the rate of a reaction
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Temperature
Concentration of reactant Catalyst |