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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plasma Membrane
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The cell membrane is the interface between the cellular machinery inside the cell and the fluid outside
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Cytoplasm
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the parts of a cell that are enclosed within the plasma membrane. includes organelles and cytosol, excludes nucleus and plasma membrane.
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Nucleus
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a membrane-enclosed organelle found in all eukaryotic cells. It contains most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression.
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Cytosol
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the liquid found inside cells. AKA Intracellular Fluid or ICF
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Interstitial
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the space between cells
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Extracellular (ECF)
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Interstitial fluid is the main component of extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid.
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Lymphatic
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waste disposal and interstitial fluid mover/adjuster
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Solvent
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dissolves resulting in a solution
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Solute
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The material being dissolved in a solution
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Concentration
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the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent
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Concentration Gradient
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the difference in concentration between 2 areas of solution
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Osmosis
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the diffusion of a solvent from a solution of low solute concentration (high water potential) to a solution with high solute concentration (low water potential), up a solute concentration gradient.
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Osmotic Preassure
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the hydrostatic pressure produced by a difference in concentration between solutions on the two sides of a surface such as a semipermeable membrane.
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Hemolysis
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the breaking open (explosion) of red blood cells and the release of hemoglobin into the surrounding fluid
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Crenation
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a net movement of water out of the cell, causing the cytoplasm to decrease in its volume. As a result the cell shrinks.
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Cytoskeleton
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cellular "scaffolding" or "skeleton" contained within the cytoplasm. maintains cell shape, protects the cell, enables cellular motion (using structures such as flagella, cilia and lamellipodia), and plays important roles in both intracellular transport (the movement of vesicles and organelles, for example) and cellular division.
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Flagella
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a tail-like structure that projects from the cell body of certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and it functions in locomotion.
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Cilia
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Cilia are tail-like projections extending approximately 5–10 micrometers from the cell body.
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Centrioles
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an organelle composed of a short cylinder of nine triplets of microtubules, usually paired with another centriole perpendicular to it, origin of the mitotic spindle.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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classified as rough (has ribosomes) or smooth depending on the presence of ribosomes.
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