Anatomy & Physiology

Front 1

-Largest part brain

-higher mental functions

-divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres

-surface layer of gray matter (neural cortex)

Back 1

Cerebrum

Front 2

-Second largest part of brain

-repetitive body movement

-2 hemispheres

-covered with cerebellar cortex

Back 2

Cerebellum

Front 3

-Located under cerebrum and cerebellum

-links cerebrum with brain stem

Back 3

Diencephalon

Front 4

3 divisions of diencephalon

Back 4

-left thalamus

-right thalamus

-hypothalamus

Front 5

relays and processes sensory info

Back 5

Thalamus

Front 6

-hormone production

-emotion

-autonomic function

Back 6

Hypothalamus

Front 7

processes info between spinal cord and cerebrum or cerebellum

Back 7

Brain stem

Front 8

brain stems include

Back 8

-mesencephalon

-pons

-medulla oblongata

Front 9

-Connects cerebellum to brain stem

-is involved in somatic and visceral motor control

Back 9

Pons

Front 10

-Connects brain to spinal cord

-relays info

-regulates autonomic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion

Back 10

Medulla oblongata

Front 11

-stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

-disorders interfere with blood circulation to brain

Back 11

Cerebrovascular disease

Front 12

-disturbs muscle coordination

-disturbs normal movement

Back 12

Ataxia

Front 13

disturbs speech

Back 13

Asphasia

Front 14

-red nucleus

-substantia nigra

-releases dopamine

Back 14

Tegmentum

Front 15

-emotional states

-facilitates memory storage and retrieval

Back 15

Limbic System

Front 16

fear

Back 16

Amygdala

Front 17

info from sight (occipital)

Back 17

Visual cortex

Front 18

info from sound (temporal)

Back 18

Auditory cortex

Front 19

info from odor (temporal)

Back 19

Olfactory cortex

Front 20

info from taste (insula)

Back 20

Gustatory cortex

Front 21

found in healthy, awake adults at rest with eyes closed

Back 21

Alpha waves

Front 22

-higher frequency

-found in adults concentrating or mentally stressed

Back 22

Beta waves

Front 23

-found in children

-found I intensely frustrated adults

-may indicate brain disorder in adults

Back 23

Theta waves

Front 24

-during sleep

-found in awake adults with brain damage

Back 24

Delta waves

Front 25

is a temporary cerebral disorder, epilepsy

Back 25

seizure

Front 26

Primary function: Special sensory (smell)

Back 26

Olfactory Nerves

Front 27

I

Back 27

Roman Numeral for Olfactory Nerves

Front 28

Primary function: special sensory (vision)

Back 28

Optic Nerves

Front 29

II

Back 29

Roman Numeral for Optic Nerves

Front 30

Primary function: Motor (eye movements)

Back 30

Oculomotor Nerves

Front 31

III

Back 31

Roman numeral for Oculomotor Nerve

Front 32

-Superior, inferior, and medial rectus muscles

-inferior oblique muscle

-levator palpebrae superioris muscle

Back 32

Destination of Oculomotor Nervs

Front 33

Primary function: Motor (eye movements)

Back 33

Trochlear Nerves

Front 34

IV

Back 34

Roman numeral for Trochlear Nerves

Front 35

superior oblique muscle

Back 35

Destination for Trochlear Nerves

Front 36

Primary function: motor (eye movements)

Back 36

Abducens Nerves

Front 37

VI

Back 37

Roman numeral for Abducens Nerves

Front 38

lateral rectus muscle

Back 38

Destination for Abducens Nerves

Front 39

-Later rectus is intervated by cranial nerve 6

-Superior Oblique is intervated by cranial nerve 4

-All other nerves are intervated by nerve 3

Back 39

LR6 (SO4)3

Front 40

Primary function: mixed (sensory and motor) to face

Back 40

Trigeminal Nerves

Front 41

V

Back 41

Roman numeral for Trigeminal nerves

Front 42

-ophthalmic branch (sensory)

-maxillary branch (sensory)

-mandibular branch (sensory)

Back 42

Origins of Trigeminal nerves

Front 43

Primary function: mixed (sensory and motor) to face

Back 43

Facial nerves

Front 44

VII

Back 44

Roman numeral for facial nerves

Front 45

-tear and nasal mucous glands

-submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

Back 45

Destinations for facial nerves

Front 46

Primary function: balance and equilibrium, hearing

Back 46

Vestibulocochlear Nerves

Front 47

VIII

Back 47

Roman numeral for Vestibulocochlear nerves

Front 48

Primary function: mixed (sensory and motor) to head and neck

Back 48

Glossopharyngeal Nerves

Front 49

IX

Back 49

Roman numeral for Glossopharyngeal Nerves

Front 50

-posterior 1/3 of tongue

-part of pharynx and palate

-carotid arteries

Back 50

Origins of Glossopharyngeal Nerves

Front 51

Primary Function: mixed (sensory and motor)

-of thorax and abdomen

Back 51

Vagus Nerves

Front 52

X

Back 52

Roman numeral for Vagus Nerves

Front 53

visceral organs of thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities

Back 53

Origins for Vagus Nerves

Front 54

Primary function: Motor to muscles of neck and upper back

Back 54

Accessory Nerves

Front 55

XI

Back 55

Roman numeral for Accessory Nerves

Front 56

sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle

Back 56

Destinations for Accessory Nerves

Front 57

primary function: motor (tongue movement)

Back 57

Hypoglossal Nerves

Front 58

XII

Back 58

Roman numeral for Hypoglossal Nerves