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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How may pairs of Cranial Nerves are there? |
12 |
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Where do cranial nerves arise from? |
brain |
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where do cranial nerves exit through? |
foramina |
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where do cranial nerves lead to? |
muscles, glands and sense organs in head and neck |
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all cranial nerves input and output ipsilateral except which cranial nerves? |
II and IV |
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Olfactory Nerve (I) |
SENSORY Sense of smell Damage causes impaired sense of smell Pic: olfactory tract, cribriform plate of ethmoid bone, olfactory bulbu, fasicles of olfactory nerve, nasal mucosa |
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Optic Nerve (II) |
SENSORY Provides vision Damage causes blindness in visual field. Pic: pituitary gland, optic tract, optic chiasm, optic nerve, eyeball |
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Oculomotor Nerve (III) |
MOTOR Eye movement (medially), opening of eyelid, constriction of pupil, focusing Damage causes drooping eyelid, dilated pupil, double vision, difficulty focusing, and inability to move eye in certain directions PIC: superior branch, inferior branch, ciliary ganglion, comes through the superior orbital fissure |
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Trochlear Nerve (IV) |
MOTOR Eye movement branches to superior oblique muscles Damage causes double vision and inability to rotate eye inferolaterally PIC: Comes through the superior orbital fissure |
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Trigeminal Nerve (V) |
SENSORY + MOTOR Sensory to face - touch, pain and temperature Motor = muscles of mastication damage produces loss of sensation and impaired chewing PIC: Opthelium, maxillary, manidbulary |
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Abducens Nerve (VI) |
MOTOR Provides lateral rectus muscle damage results in inability to rotate eye laterally and at rest eye rotates medially PIC: comes through orbital fissure |
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Facial Nerve (VII) |
SENSORY + MOTOR Motor - facial expressions; salivary glands and tear, nasal and palatine glands Sensory - taste on anterior 2/3's of tongue Damage- sagging facial muscles and disturbed sense of taste PIC: Temporal branch, Zygomatic branch, Buccal branch, Mandibular branch, Cervical Branch |
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Vestibulocochlear Branch (VIII)
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SENSORY Provides hearing and sense of balance Damage - deafness, dizziness, nausea, loss of balance, and nystagmus |
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Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX) |
SENSORY + MOTOR Motor - swallowing, salivation, gagging, control of BP and respiration Sensory - sensations from posterior 1/3 of tongue Damage - loss of bitter and sour taste and impaired swallowing |
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Vagus Nerve (X) |
SENSORY + MOTOR "most important" Swallowing, speech, regulation of viscera damage - hoarseness of loss of voice, impaired swallowing, and fatal if both are cut |
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Accessory Nerve (XI) |
MOTOR swallowing, head, neck and shoulder movement Damage - impaired head, neck shoulder movement |
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Hypoglossal Nerve (XII) |
MOTOR Tongue movements for speech, food manipulation, and swallowing if both are damaged - can't protrude tongue if one side is damaged - tongue deviates towards injured side ------ ipsilateralatrophy |
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Trigeminal Neuralgia Cranial Nerve (V) |
- Recurring episodes of intense stabbing pain - more common in women - rarely affects anyone younger than 50 - attacks of pain * generally last several seconds * may be repeated, one after another * triggered by touch, drinking, face washing, brushing teeth * come and go throughout day and last for days, weeks or months at a time * symptoms can disappear for years and then recur * Treatment: pain relievers, antidepressants, anti-seizure medication, narcotic pain meds, topical creams * Cause is UNKOWN |
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Bell's Palsy |
- A disorder of facial nerve causes paralysis of facial muscles on one side - Affects ~40,000 Americans each year - Disproportionately attacks pregnant women, and people with diabetes, a cold, influenza, or some other respiratory ailment - Symptoms: pain, tearing, drooling, hypersensitivity to sound, impaired taste - May appear abruptly w/ full recovery w/in 3-5 days |
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Nemonic for Cranial Nerves |
On Old Olympus's Towering Top, A Fin And German Viewed Some Hops |
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Neumonic for Sensory and Motor Cranial Nerves |
Some Say Marriage Matters, But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter Most |
