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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Early development
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notochord induces formation of neural plate which gives rise to neural crest and neural tube
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Notochord
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persists as the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc
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Neural tube
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alar plate is dorsal (sensory); basal plate is ventral (motor)
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Neural crest
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gives rise to all ganglia, Schwann cells, meninges, melanocytes, cartilage, bone and blood vessels of the head
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Spina bifida cystica
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incomplete closure of the neural tube caudally (caudal neuropore on day 27); can be detected by alpha-fetoprotein and includes a sac containing CSF
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meningocele
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sac includes meninges and CSF
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meningomyelocele
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includes nervous tissue
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Anencephaly
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result when the anterior neuropore fails to close (day 25); forebrain is poorly developed
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Arnold-Chiari malformation
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cerebellum herniates through the foramen magnum; seen in conjunction with spina bifida cystica accompanied by hydrocephalus
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Hydrocephalus
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most often due to stenosis of the cerebral aqueduct secondary to a fetal viral infection
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Mental retardation
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most commonly caused by maternal alcohol abuse
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