Anatomy Of The Nervous Systen

Front 1

Functions of the nervous system

Back 1

Regulate movements, sercretion from glands, collect info about external/internal environments, maintaining consciousness, behavior for survival

Front 2

The Nervous system is a network of what?

Back 2

A billion nerve cells, linked together in a highly organized fashion to form the rapid control center of the body

Front 3

what are some similarities of the Nervous and endocrine system

Back 3

They both monitor stimuli and react so as to maintain homeostasis.

Front 4

There are many differences between the NS and ES which is faster

Back 4

the Nervous system is faster acting whose effects do not always preserve

Front 5

The ES acts much .......

Back 5

slower (via blood- borne chemcials signals called hormones) ans its actions are usually much longer

Front 6

The Nervous system is divided into major categories which are?

Back 6

Central Nervous system and Peripheral nervous system

Front 7

The central nervous system what are the center of intergration and control

Back 7

Brain, spinal cord

Front 8

Peripheral nervous system is located where

Back 8

Outside the brain and spinal cord

Front 9

Peripheral NS where is it located

Back 9

Cranial nerves( carry info to and from the brain,
Spinal nerves carries info to and from the spinal cord

Front 10

What are the two types of cell in the Nervous system

Back 10

Highly cellular, 2 major cell types
1 neurons 2 Neuroglia

Front 11

Functions of the nervous system

Back 11

Regulate movements, sercretion from glands, collect info about external/internal environments, maintaining consciousness, behavior for survival

Front 12

The Nervous system is a network of what?

Back 12

A billion nerve cells, linked together in a highly organized fashion to form the rapid control center of the body

Front 13

what are some similarities of the Nervous and endocrine system

Back 13

They both monitor stimuli and react so as to maintain homeostasis.

Front 14

There are many differences between the NS and ES which is faster

Back 14

the Nervous system is faster acting whose effects do not always preserve

Front 15

The ES acts much .......

Back 15

slower (via blood- borne chemcials signals called hormones) ans its actions are usually much longer

Front 16

What is the functional if neurons

Back 16

Functional, signal conducting cells

Front 17

What is the function of the neuroglia

Back 17

Supporting cells

Front 18

what do dendrites do

Back 18

collect information and bring it into the cell

Front 19

Axon terminals

Back 19

take information away from the cell body

Front 20

Neuron the cell body is called what

Back 20

Soma

Front 21

Neuron, one or more specialized, slender, process which are called what?

Back 21

Axons and dendrites

Front 22

Neuron what makes input region

Back 22

Dendrites/.soma

Front 23

Neurons what conductes component

Back 23

axons

Front 24

Neuron are secretory output region

Back 24

axon terminal

Front 25

Synapse

Back 25

junction between an axon of one neuron with another neuron or another cell type

Front 26

Synapse can come in to forms

Back 26

Presynaptic vs postsynaptic neurons

Front 27

Axon collaterals

Back 27

branches of main axon

Front 28

Myelin

Back 28

white sheath of fatty material around nerve fibers (axons)

Front 29

myelin sheath

Back 29

many layers of cell membrane of glial cell wrapped around axons

Front 30

Nuclei

Back 30

gp. of nerve cell bodies(soma) in CNS

Front 31

Ganglia

Back 31

Gp. of nerve cell bodies(soma) in CNS

Front 32

Tracts/ faciculi

Back 32

bundle of nerve processes in PNS

Front 33

Gray matter

Back 33

aggregates of neuronal cell bodies

Front 34

White matter

Back 34

regions of tracts

Front 35

PNS

Back 35

schiwan cell that provides the myelin sheath

Front 36

CNS

Back 36

oligodendrocyte provides myelin shelaths two types of neuro gillio cells

Front 37

CNS have Neronal cell body with

Back 37

Nuclie tracts

Front 38

PNS have

Back 38

gangillia and nerves

Front 39

Neuroglia are what type of cell

Back 39

Glial cells

Front 40

Astrocytes

Back 40

Star-shaped, abundant, and versatile involved in the formation of the blood brain barrier

Front 41

Microglia

Back 41

Specilaized immune cells that act as the macrophanges of the CNS

Front 42

Ependymal cells

Back 42

Low columnar epithelial-esque cells that line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord, some are ciliated which faciliates the movement of cerebrospinal fluid

Front 43

Ependymal cells

Back 43

low columar epithelial cells that line the ventricles of the brain/ central canal of the spinal cord.

Front 44

Some ependymal cells

Back 44

ciliated which facilitates teh movement of cerbrospinal fluid

Front 45

Oligodendrocytes

Back 45

produce the myelin sheath which provides the electrical insulation for certain neurons in the CNS

Front 46

CNS
The Brain Gross subdivisions

Back 46

Cerebellum, cerebellum, brain stem

Front 47

The Brain stem is divided in to

Back 47

Diencephalon, Midbrain, Pons, medulla oblongata.

Front 48

Cerebrum

Back 48

Gyri(gyrus) convex ridges. Sulci(sulcus) furrows/fissures

Front 49

Sulci (sulcus):

Back 49

Most prominent eg is longitudinal fissure. Median plane, divides into left and right hemispheres

Front 50

Gyri and sulci define anatomicla regions which are known as

Back 50

Lopes

Front 51

Cerebrum the Cerebral cortex

Back 51

Neuronal cell bodies(gray matter) on teh exterior. Basal nuclei, deep subcortical gray matter

Front 52

Cerebellum dorsal

Back 52

2 lateral hemispheres

Front 53

Cerebellum has a median

Back 53

Which is called the Vermis looks like a wrom

Front 54

Cerebellum surface has many what

Back 54

laminae or folia

Front 55

Cerebellum where is the white matter, and gray matter located

Back 55

White central, Gray is peripheral

Front 56

Function of the Cerebellum

Back 56

accurate timing/execution of movement and coordinate muscle activity.

Front 57

Brainstem has four parts

Back 57

Diencephalon,Midbrain,Pons, Medulla oblongata

Front 58

the Diencephalon is broken into 3 parts which are

Back 58

the Thalamus, hypothalamus, and thrid ventricle

Front 59

The Thalamus relay what

Back 59

relay center for nerve fibers connecting cerebrum to brainstem/cerebellum/spinal cord

Front 60

The Hypothalamus is ventral to what>

Back 60

the Thalamus, ventral part attached to hypophysis the Pitutary gland

Front 61

The Third ventricle

Back 61

it is a median celft between the two thalami, and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid CSF

Front 62

Midbrain

Back 62

between dicenephalon rostrally and pons caudally

Front 63

the midbrain has 2 what and 4 what?

Back 63

2 Cerebral peduncies and 4 colliculi

Front 64

Midbrain the Peduncle(crura cerebri)

Back 64

A large bundle of nerves connecting spinal cord and brian stem to cerebral hemispheres consists if descending mother fiber tract

Front 65

midbrain the Colliculi(corpora quadrigemina)

Back 65

small bumps on dorsal side of brian. R&L rostral colliculi visual reflex. R&L caudual colliculi relay nuclei for hearing

Front 66

Pons Ventral

Back 66

surface has visible transverse fibers that form a bridge between the 2 cerebellar hemispheres fiber tracts and cranial nerve nuclei

Front 67

Medulla oblongata

Back 67

cranial continuation of spinal cord contains imp. autonomic centers and nuclei for cranial nerves

Front 68

Ventricular system

Back 68

a set of structures contaning cerebrospinal fluid in the brian, it is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord

Front 69

R&L lateral ventricles

Back 69

lies within cerebral hemispheres

Front 70

Third Ventricle

Back 70

midline, connected to lateral ventricle by 2 inter-ventricular foramina

Front 71

Fourth ventricle

Back 71

connected to 3rd via cerebral aqueduct

Front 72

Choroid plexus

Back 72

a tuft of capillaries that protrudes into the lumen of ventricle

Front 73

Spinal cord

Back 73

caudal continuation of medulla oblongata

Front 74

In the Spinal cord the gray matter is shaped like what

Back 74

Butterfly

Front 75

The Spinal cord segments

Back 75

presence of a pair of spinal nerves formed by dorsal and ventral roots

Front 76

Spinal cord the sensory

Back 76

ascending tracts

Front 77

Spinal cord motor

Back 77

descending tracts

Front 78

Meninges

Back 78

connective tissue covering of brian and spinal cord

Front 79

Meninges deep superficial

Back 79

Pia mater
deepest of meninges, delicate membrane that forms a shealth around blood vessels

Front 80

Meninges Arachnoid

Back 80

web=like filaments

Front 81

meninges the duramater

Back 81

tough fibrous covering of the CNS, it fills the role of periosteum in cranium

Front 82

Space between the pia mater and arachnoid is the

Back 82

subarachoid space( imp for spinal tap) found in both cranial and spinal meninges

Front 83

Dura mater is separated from what?

Back 83

Periosteum of vertebral canal by a fat filled space.