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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lesions of basal ganlia will cause
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voluntar movement disorders
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components fo the basal ganglia are>
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caudate nuc & nuc accumbens
lentiform nuc (putamen and globus pallidus) subthalamic nuc substantia nigra |
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the lentiform nucleus is made up of what?
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putamen (lateral)
globus pallidus (medial) separated by lateral medullary lamina |
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which structure has myelinated fibers?
a) globus pallidus b) lentiform nucleus c) putamen d) a and b e) all of the above |
d
because globus pallidus is part of the lentiform nuc and it has myelinated fibers running though it |
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borders of the lentiform nucleus?
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internal capsule (medial)
external capsule (lateral) |
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What are the three regions of the caudate nuc?
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head
body tail |
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the body of the caudate nucleus will form one wall of the _______ ventricle
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lateral
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The tail of the caudate nucleus is continuous with:
a) thalamus b) optic radiations c) lentiform nucleus d) amygdala |
d
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What makes up the striatum?
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caudate nuc + putamen + nucleus accumbens
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the subthalamus is part of the:
a) diencephalon b) telencephalon c) mesencephalon d) metencephalon |
a
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substantia nigra is part of?
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brainstem
compacta = dorsal reticulata = proximal to cerebral peduncles |
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the sensorymotor cortex of the basal ganglia would correspond with which structure?
a) caudate nucleus b) lentiform nucleus c) putamen d) globus pallidus |
c
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The association cortex would correspond with which stucture?>
a) caudate nucleus b) lentiform nucleus c) putamen d) globus pallidus |
a
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Functions of the basal ganglia?
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voluntary motor
cognition emotion most cortical fx |
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In genereal (re: circuitry loops), afferents from the cortex go to _____________________.
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striatum and subthalamic nuclei
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In genereal (re: circuitry loops), efferents from the cortex go to _____________________.
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globus pallidus and substantia nigra
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input to the striatum from the ___________ and ___________ are excitatory.
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cerebral cortex and thalamus
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input to the striatum from the ___________ is inhibitory.
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substantia nigra
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Output of the striatum?
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- globus pallidus (inhibitory, GABA)
- substantia nigra (inhibitory, GABA) |
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GPe gets its input from
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striatum (inhibitory)
subthalamic nucleus (excitatory) |
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GPi gets input from?
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GPe
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Output of GPe?
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widespread but includes GPi
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output of GPi?
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mainly to thalamus
inhibitory output to VL VA |
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Both GPe and GPi have similar ________ input.
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inhibitory
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substantia nigra input is similar to :
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Gpi
i.e. striatum (inh) and subthalamic (exc) |
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Subthalamic input is from? Output to?
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input from GPe
output (exc) GPi-SNr |
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Describe direct pathway
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1. cortex excites
2. striatum inhibits 3. GPi-SNr inhibits inhibition of 4. thalamus activates 5. cortex activity is enhanced |
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Describe indirect pathway
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1. cortex excites
2. striatum inhibits 3. GPe inhibits inhibition of 4. subthalamus excites 5. GPi inhibits 6. thalamus inhibits activity of 7. cortex activity is reduced |
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What are hyperkinetic movements?
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abnormal movements
- chorea - rapid - athetosis - slow |
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What are hypokinetic signs?
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slow movements, reduced number of movements or no movements
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Parkinson's disease results from damage to
a) subthalamic nucleus b) substantia nigra c) putamen d) none of the above |
b
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