Phty101 - Anatomy Of Speech And Swallowing

Front 1

Classify the Temporomandibular joint

Back 1

Synovial, Biaxial, Condylar

Front 2

What movements are possible at the TMJ?

Back 2

- Elevation/Depression

- Retraction/Protraction

Front 3

What are the articular surfaces of the TMJ?

Back 3

- Condyles of Mandible

- Mandibular Fossa of Temporal bone

Front 4

What are the functions of the TMJ's articular disc?

Back 4

1. Improves articular fit

2. Divides joint into upper/lower cavities

3. Attachment site for lateral pterygoid

Front 5

Describe the attachment of the articular capsule in the TMJ

Back 5

- The articular capsule attaches to the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone, the neck of the mandible, and the articular disc

- The capsule is TIGHT from the disc to the mandible and LOOSE from the disc to the fossa

- This ensures the disc moves with the mandible

Front 6

Back 6

A - Lateral ligament of TMJ

B - Stylomandibular ligament

Front 7

Where does the lateral ligament of the TMJ attach and what is its function?

Back 7

- Attaches from zygomatic bone to neck of mandible

- Limits depression and retraction

Front 8

Where does the stylomandibular ligament attach and what is its function?

Back 8

- Attaches to styloid process of temporal bone to angle of mandible

- limits depression and protraction

Front 9

Back 9

A - Sphenomandibular ligament

B - Stylomandibular ligament

Front 10

Where does the sphenomandibular ligament attach and what is it's purpose?

Back 10

- The sphenomandibular ligament attaches to the sphenoid bone and the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible

- limits depression and protraction

Front 11

Name the muscles involved in mastication

Back 11

1. Temporalis

2. Masseter

3. Lateral pterygoid

4. Medial pterygoid

Front 12

Which muscles are responsible for protraction of the mandible

Back 12

- Medial pterygoid

- Lateral pterygoid

- Masseter

Front 13

Which muscles are responsible for retraction of the mandible?

Back 13

Temporalis

Front 14

What muscles are responsible for elevation of the mandible?

Back 14

- Masseter

- Medial pterygoid

- Temporalis

Front 15

What muscles are responsible for depression of the mandible?

Back 15

Depression is usually a gravity assisted motion, meaning the elevators are working ECCENTRICLY

However, the lateral pterygoid may assist

Front 16

Back 16

Red - Lateral Pterygoid

Blue - Medial Pterygoid

Front 17

List the suprahyoid muscles

Back 17

1. Mylohyoid

2. Digastric

3. Stylohyoid

Front 18

Back 18

A - Digastric

B - Stylohyoid

C - Mylohyoid

Front 19

List the infrahyoid muscles

Back 19

1. Sternohyoid

2. Omohyoid

3. Thyrohyoid

Front 20

Which cranial nerve (name and number) supplies the muscles of mastication?

Back 20

V - Trigeminal

Front 21

Which cranial nerve (name and number) supplies the muscles of facial expression?

Back 21

VII - Facial

Front 22

Which cranial nerve (name and number) supplies the skin of the face?

Back 22

V - Trigeminal

Front 23

What nerve supplies the infrahyoid muscles?

Back 23

Cervical plexus

Front 24

What nerve supplies the suprahyoid muscles?

Back 24

- Mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric supplied by Trigeminal nerve

- Stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric supplied by Facial nerve

Front 25

Which nerve supplies the lining of the mouth and nose?

Back 25

Trigeminal

Front 26

How is the sensory innervation of the face distributed?

Back 26

Front 27

What are the 3 sensory divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

Back 27

1. Opthalmic

2. Maxillary

3. Mandibular

Front 28

Which nerve supplies skin of the neck?

Back 28

Cervical plexus

Front 29

Name the divisions of the pharynx and list the boundaries of each division

Back 29

Front 30

A) In the external muscle layer of the pharynx, how are the muscles oriented and what is their purpose?

B) What nerve innervates these muscles?

Back 30

A - The muscles are oriented in a circular manner to constrict the pharynx

B - The Vagus Nerve (X)

Front 31

A) In the internal muscle layer of the pharynx, how are the muscles oriented and what is their purposed?

B) What nerve innervates these muscles?

Back 31

A - The muscles are oriented ina a longitudinal manner to elevate the pharynx

B - Vagus (X) and Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Front 32

Which nerve is responsible for sensory innervation of the pharynx?

Back 32

Vagus X

Front 33

Briefly describe the first stage of swallowing

Back 33

Food is voluntarily moved from the oral cavity to the pharynx

Front 34

Briefly describe the second stage of swallowing

Back 34

Food involuntarily moves through pharynx to the oesophagus

Front 35

Describe the muscle activity that occurs in the first stage of swallowing and describe the role of each

Back 35

- Buccinators prevent the food from moving laterally to the teeth

- Suprahyoid muscles raise the floor of the mouth

- Intrinsic tongue muscles raise tip of tongue to hard palate

- Extrinsic tongue muscles raise sides of tongue to create a chute

Front 36

Describe the muscle activity that occurs in the second stage of swallowing and describe the roles of each

Back 36

- Soft palate is raised to close opening to nasopharynx. (stop food entering nose)

- Internal pharyngeal muscles elevate the pharynx

- Suprahyoid muscles raise the hyoid and close the laryngeal inlet. (stop food entering airway)

- Tongue bulges over opening of oropharynx (stop food reentering oral cavity)

- Pharyngeal muscles (int + ext) work together in peristalsis to move food through pharynx