Anatomy Of Long Bones,cartilage & Basics Of Bones

Front 1

what is a bone

Back 1

form of connective tissue, hardest tissue in the body

Front 2

what is the skeleton made of

Back 2

cartilage and fibrous membranes that harden into bone before birth

Front 3

Ossification definition

Back 3

the formation of bone from fibrous tissue which continues until maturity

Front 4

Osteoblasts definition

Back 4

oste/o= bone , blasts= immature

immature bone cells that produce bony tissue

when matures they are called osteocytes

Front 5

Osteoclasts definition

Back 5

oste/o= bone, clasts = break

eat away/breakdown bony tissue from the medullary cavity and reabsorbs the bone

Front 6

3 cell types involved in the development, growth and remodeling of bones

Back 6

1- Osteoblasts (bone forming cells )

2- Osteocytes (mature bone cells )

3- Osteoclasts (breakdown and reabsorb bone)

Front 7

Hematopoietic definition

Back 7

Its RED BONE MARROW which produces red,white and clotting cells

hemat/o = means blood, poietic = formation

Front 8

Medullary cavity of bone

Back 8

inner space of bone containing yellow bone marrow

Front 9

Yellow bone marrow is composed of

Back 9

mainly fat cells and serves as a fat storage area.

In adult animals, yellow bone marrow replaces red bone marrow

Front 10

2 Types of osseous tissue that form bone

Back 10

Cancellous = spongy bone normally at end of long bones and within interior vertebrae

Cortical = aka compact bone, hard dense strong bone that forms the outer layer

Front 11

Epiphysis (bone anatomy term)

Back 11

wide end of bone, covered in articular cartilage and is composed of cancellous bone

Front 12

Distal and proximal epiphysis (bone anatomy term )

Back 12

distal = located farthest away from the midline of the body

Proximal= located nearest the midline of the body

Front 13

Diaphysis (bone anatomy term )

Back 13

the shaft or central part of a long bone

Front 14

Physis (bone anatomy term )

Back 14

the epiphyseal cartilage plate at each end of a long bone that involes growth

Front 15

Metaphysis (bone anatomy term )

Back 15

wide portion between the diaphysis and physis, part of the bone that grows during childhood.

In adult animals it is considered part of the epiphysis

Front 16

Periosteum & Endosteum (bone anatomy term)

Back 16

Periosteum = tough fibrous tissue that forms the outer layer of the bone

Endosteum = tough fibrous tissue that forms the lining of the medullary cavity

Front 17

Long and short bones

(bone classification )

Back 17

Long = consist of shaft, two ends and a marrow cavity

Short = cube shaped with no marrow cavity

Front 18

Flat and pneumatic bones

(bone classification )

Back 18

flat = thin flat bone , ex : pelvis

Pneumatic = bone that contains air filled spaces

Front 19

Irregular and Sesamoid bones

Back 19

Irregular = bones that do not fall in the other categories, usually consist of cancellous bone with thin outer layer of compact bone ex: vertebrae, mandible

Sesamoid = short irregular bones inbedded in a tendon, ex: patella (knee cap)

Front 20

Suffixes malacia & sclerosis

Back 20

malacia = abnormal softening

sclerosis = abnormal hardening

Front 21

Cartilage is

Back 21

another form of connective tissue that is more elastic then bone, is more flexible portion of the skeleton

Front 22

Articular cartilage

Back 22

specific type of cartilage that covers the joint surfaces of bone

Front 23

Meniscus cartilage

Back 23

Curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints where the cushion applies to the joint ( ex: canine stiffle )

Front 24

prefix Chondr/o

Back 24

combining form for cartilage

Front 25

Joints or articulations are

Back 25

connections between bones, articulation allow movement

there are different types of joints based on their function and degree of movement

Front 26

Prefix Arthr/o

Back 26

combining form for joint