Anatomy Of Hand

Front 1

what is the common name of the radiocarpal joint

Back 1

the wrist

Front 2

what separates the ulna from the wrist joint

Back 2

articular disk of radioulnar joint

Front 3

what are thickened ares of the anterior side of the capsules of hte mcp joints

Back 3

volar plates

Front 4

an entrapment of the ulnar nerve as it passes under the pisohamate ligament

Back 4

guyons tunnel syndrome

Front 5

what causes guyons tunnel syndrome

Back 5

repetitive motion, or dislocation of pisiform, or ganglion

Front 6

what hand injury is common in sports

Back 6

rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament of the 1st MCP joint

Front 7

what is anothername for when the ulnar collateral ligament of the 1st MCP rupture's

Back 7

gamekeepers thumb followed by skier's thumb

Front 8

how many heads do the 4 dorsal interossei have

Back 8

2

Front 9

What movement are the dorsal interossei responsible for

Back 9

abduction

Front 10

what movements are the palmar interossei responsible for

Back 10

adduction

Front 11

where is the carpal tunnel

Back 11

it is the area between the hook of the hammate and pisiform bone medially. and the tubercles of the scapoid and trapezium laterally

Front 12

what is the function of the lumbrical muscles

Back 12

flex the MCP joints and extend the IP joints

Front 13

what are synovial tendon sheaths

Back 13

tubular bursae which surround the long tendons and prevent friction

Front 14

what is the function of the fibrous tendon sheaths

Back 14

hold the tendons down to the bone and act as a pulley for more efficent flexion

Front 15

what are the deep thenar muscles

Back 15

adductor pollicis, flexor polics brevis, opponens pollicis

Front 16

what are the superficial thenar muscles

Back 16

superficial head of flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollics brevis

Front 17

what are the hyperthenar muscles

Back 17

opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis

Front 18

what nerve innervates all of the hypothenar muscles

Back 18

the ulnar nerve

Front 19

where does the radial nerve give sensory information

Back 19

lateral aspecto of dorsum of hand including the thumb, index, middle, and half of ring finger

Front 20

what does the palmar branch of teh median nerve do

Back 20

gives sensory information to the lateral part of the palm including thumb, index, middle, and half of ring finger. it also supplies the skin over the distal phaalanges on the dorsum of these fingers

Front 21

what does the median nerve innervate in the hand

Back 21

thenar muscles (except 1/2 of flexor pollicis brevis and adductor pollicis) and the 1st and 2nd lumbricals.

Front 22

what does the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve innervate

Back 22

the skin of the anteriolateral hand

Front 23

what does the ulnar nerve innervate in the hand

Back 23

muscles of the hypothenar eminence, all the interossei, the 3rd and 4th lumbricals, 1 and 1/2 of the muscles of the thenar eminence, the adductor pollicis, depp head of flexor pollicis brevis

Front 24

what is the proper name for a condition which damages the upper trunk of the brachial plexus

Back 24

erb-duchenne palsy

Front 25

what is the common name for erb's palsy

Back 25

waiters tip

Front 26

what are the nerves affected by waiters tip

Back 26

suprascapular, n. to subclavian, musculocutaneous, and axillary

Front 27

what can cause erb's palsy

Back 27

motorcycle accident

Front 28

what would happen if a person had erb's palsy and theri suprascapular nerve was damaged

Back 28

supraspinatus-initiating abduction
infraspinatus-lat. rotation of shoulder

Front 29

what would happen if a person had waiter's tip and their n. to subclavian was damaged

Back 29

subclavius-depress clavicle

Front 30

what would happen if a person had waiter's tip and their axillary nerve was damamged

Back 30

deltoid-abduction
teres minor-lateral rotation

Front 31

what would happen if a person had erb's palsy and their musculocutaneous nerve was damaged

Back 31

coracobrachialis-flexion shoulder
brachialis-flexioin elbow
biceps brachii-supination elbow

Front 32

what type of sensory loss would a person with waiter's tip have because their musculocutenous nerve is damaged

Back 32

lateral forearm

Front 33

what kind of sensory loss would a person with erb's palsy have because their axillary nerve was damaged?

Back 33

lateral arm over lower deltoid

Front 34

what is thoracic outlet syndrome

Back 34

compression of structures exitng the superior aperature.

Front 35

what structures may be affected by thoracic outlet syndrome

Back 35

lower roots and trunk of brachial plexus, subclavian artery

Front 36

what are the symtoms of thoracic outlet syndrome

Back 36

pain, numbness, tingling, and or weakness in upper limb

Front 37

what makes the symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome worse

Back 37

the limb being elevated

Front 38

what causes thoracic outlet syndrome

Back 38

cervical rib
post-fixed brachial plexus
over development of scalene muscles
severe kyphosis
whiplash
repetitve stress in the workplace

Front 39

what is klumpke palsy

Back 39

lesion of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus

Front 40

what causes klumpke palsy

Back 40

stopping a fall by grabbing something

Front 41

what nerves are affected by klumpke palsy

Back 41

ulnar and median

Front 42

what muscles are affected by klumpke palsy

Back 42

ulnar-small muscles in hand except thenar muscles and lumbricals 1 and 2
median thenar muscles adductor pollicis and hte deep head of flexor pollicis brevis and lumbricals 1 and 2

Front 43

what motor loss is caused by klumpke palsy affecting ulnar nerve

Back 43

abduction and adduction in all fingers, loss of flexion in little finger, loss of flexion of mp, ext of ip in little and ring fingers, adduction and some flexion in thumb

Front 44

what motor loss is caused by klumpke palsy affecting median nerve

Back 44

all motor loss in thumb except some flexion and adduction,
flexion of mp and exteion of ip in index and middle fingers

Front 45

what type of sensory loss is caused by klumpke palsy

Back 45

medial and lateral palm

Front 46

what is the common name for an axillary nerve injury

Back 46

saturday night palsy

Front 47

what is a common cause of saturday night palsy

Back 47

pressure in axilla ( misuse of crutch)
also dislocation of shoulder joint

Front 48

what muscles are affected by satuday night palsy

Back 48

the deltoid and the teres minor

Front 49

what muscle funciton is lost by sat. night palsy

Back 49

deltoid-abduction of shoulder
teres minor-lateral rotation

Front 50

what sensory loss might happen by sat. night palsy

Back 50

lateral arm over lower deltoid

Front 51

what is the common name of a long thoracic nerve injury

Back 51

winged scapula

Front 52

what is a common cause of winged scapula

Back 52

penetrating wound of neck and complication of radical masectomy

Front 53

what muscles are affected by winged scapula

Back 53

serratus anterior

Front 54

what type of motor loss is expected with a long thoracic nerve injury

Back 54

rotation of scapula and the ability to hold the scapula against the body wall

Front 55

what is the common name for a radial nerve injury in the axilla

Back 55

wrist drop

Front 56

what causesa radial nerve injury in the axilla

Back 56

presssure in axilla ( misuse of crutch) and fracture of surgical neck of humerus

Front 57

what muscles are affected by a radial nerve injury in the axilla

Back 57

all extensor muscles

Front 58

what function is lost with wrist drop

Back 58

exteion of all joints in the upper limb

Front 59

what sensory loss is associated with wrist drop

Back 59

variable loss in posteriar arm and forearm and on dorsal hand

Front 60

what is also the common name for a radial nerve injury in the spinal groove

Back 60

wrist drop

Front 61

what is the common cause of wrist drop of the spinal groove

Back 61

fracture of the shaft of the humerus, resting the arm on a sharp edge such as the back of a chair

Front 62

what muscles are affected by a radial nerve injury in the spinal groove

Back 62

extensors of the wrist and hand

Front 63

what motor loss is expected with a radial nerve injury in the spinal groove

Back 63

extenion of joints o f wrist and hand. also weak abduction of thumb

Front 64

what sensory loss can be expected by a radial nerve injury of the wrist

Back 64

small loss on back of hand

Front 65

what causes radial nerve entrapment of the elbow

Back 65

the deep branch of the radial nerve runs under the superficial head of the supinator muscles and may become compressed against the radius at this point

Front 66

what is the arcade of froshe

Back 66

the proximal margin of the supinator forms this fibrous arch which is a place where the radial nerve may become trapped

Front 67

what motor loss is caused by radial nerve entrapment of the elbow

Back 67

when wrist extension is attempted, there is radial deviation due to loss of extensor carpi ulnaris. there is also weakness of finger and thumb extension and of thumb abduction. there is no sensory loss

Front 68

what can cause a median nerve entrapment in the axilla

Back 68

rare anomaly of a slip of muscle running between the pec major or coracoid process and the lat. dorsi (langer's muscle) can compress the median nerve

Front 69

what is the common name for a median nerve injury of the elbow

Back 69

hand of benediction

Front 70

what causes "hand of benediction"

Back 70

a supracondylar fracture

Front 71

what muscles are affected by a median nerve injury at the elbow

Back 71

pronators
long flexors
thenar muscles
1 and 2 lumbricals

Front 72

wht motor loss is affected by median nerve injury at the elbow

Back 72

pronators-pronation
long flexors-most flexion
thenar muscles-flexion, abduction, and opposition
1 and 2 lumbricals-flexion of mcp joints of index and middle fingers

Front 73

what sensory loss can occur with "hand of benediction"

Back 73

sensory loss of the lateral palm

Front 74

what is pronator syndrome

Back 74

a catch all term for compression of median nerve in hte region of hte elbow

Front 75

what are the common sites of compression in pronator syndrome

Back 75

supracondylar process and ligament of struthers
bicipital aponerosis
pronator teres
sublimis bridge

Front 76

what will a patient experience during pronator syndrome

Back 76

aching pain in the anterior distal arm and proximal forearm. pain becomes more intense with foreceful pronation or repetitive pronation/supination

Front 77

what is the ligament of struthers

Back 77

a common anomaly of humerus is a supracondylar process is attaced to the medial epicondyle by a fibrous link

Front 78

what muscles can be affected by ligament of struthers

Back 78

pronator terses
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor digitorum superifcialis
lateral 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus

Front 79

pronator teres median nerve entrapment

Back 79

humeral head of pronator teres begins at the common tendon on medial epicondyle and ulnar head from the coronoid process of ulna. the median nerve passes between these two heads and if there is a fibrous band linking hte two heads the nerve can be compressed

Front 80

what is a common name for a median nerve injury at the wrist

Back 80

ape hand

Front 81

what is the common cause of ape hand

Back 81

penetrating wounds of the wrist

Front 82

what muscles are affected by ape hand

Back 82

thenar muscles and 1 and 2 lumbricals

Front 83

what type of motor loss is associated with ape hand

Back 83

thenar-flex, abd, and opposition
lumbricals-flex of MCP joint of middle and ring fingers

Front 84

what type of sensory loss is associated with a median nerve injury at the wrist

Back 84

lateral palm

Front 85

what is a common name for a median nerve injury at the carpal tunnel

Back 85

carpal tunnel syndrome

Front 86

what causes carpal tunnel

Back 86

repetitive motion

Front 87

whta muscles are affected by carpal tunnel

Back 87

thenar muscles
1 and 2 lumbricals

Front 88

what motor loss will occur due to carpal tunnel syndrome

Back 88

thenar-flex, abd, oppositon
lumbricals-flex of MCP joints of middle and index finger

Front 89

what is the common name of an ulnar nerve injury at the elbow

Back 89

claw hand

Front 90

what is a common cause of claw hand

Back 90

fracture of the medial epicondyle and direct trauma

Front 91

what muscles are affected by claw hand

Back 91

flexor capri ulnaris, 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus, all small muscles of hand except thenar muscles and 1 and 2 lumbricals

Front 92

what type of motor loss is expected with a ulnar injury at the elbow

Back 92

reduced flexion of terminal phalanges of ring and little fingers
flexion of wrist will result in abduction also
inablity to adduct and abdct fingers, inablility to adduct thumb

Front 93

what is cubital tunnel syndrome

Back 93

entrapment of the ulnar nerve as it passes through the tunnel formed by the tendinous arch

Front 94

what are the symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome

Back 94

the same as that of damage to the nerve in the ulnar groove

Front 95

what causes an ulnar nerve injury at the wrist

Back 95

penetrating wounds of the wrist

Front 96

what muscles are affected by an ulnar nerve injury of the wrist

Back 96

all small muscles of hand except for some thenar muscles and the 1 and 2 lumbricals

Front 97

what motor loss is caused by ulnar nerve injury of wrist

Back 97

inability to abduct and adduct fingers
inability adduct thumb

Front 98

what type of sensory loss is associated with a ulnar nerve injury at the wrist

Back 98

medial palm