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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes the buffy coat?
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Buffy coat is the thin whitish layer formed between the plasma by the leukocytes and platelets
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What is the normal pH of blood?
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Normal value of 7.45 – 7.35
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What is the most abundant plasma protein?
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The plasma proteins consist of albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen. Of these three albumins are the most abundant and make up 58% of plasma proteins
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Define Hematocrit:
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Hematocrit refers to the percentage of total blood volume that’s composed of red blood cells.
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What is the total blood volume of an adult?
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Blood accounts for 8% of the total body weight and in adult females the total blood volume is 4-5L and in adult males its 5-6L
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What are the 3 major plasma proteins and their functions
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The plasma proteins consist of albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen.
Albumin: contributes to maintaining the osmotic pressure of blood; makes up 58% of plasma proteins Globulins: help with the immune system and function as transport molecules; makes up 38% of plasma proteins Fibrinogen: is a clotting factor; that constitutes 4% of plasma proteins. |
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Define hematopoeisis:
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Hematopoiesis is the name given to the process of blood cell production.
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Know the % of each White Blood Cell and when they might elevate.
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Granular leukocytes
Neutrophils: 60-70% Eosinophils: 2-4% Basophils: 0.5-15 Agranular leukocytes Lymphocytes: 20-25% Monocytes: 3-8% |
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Know the granular and agranular white blood cells.
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Granular leukocytes
Neutrophils: 60-70% Eosinophils: 2-4% Basophils: 0.5-15 Agranular leukocytes Lymphocytes: 20-25% Monocytes: 3-8% |
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What are Kupfer cells?
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Kupfer cells are phagocytic cells within the liver that phagocytize “worn-out” and dying red and white blood cells.
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What are Dust cells?
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Dust cells is the name given to macrophages that are present in the lungs.
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What is phagocytosis?
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Is the endocytosis and destruction of particles by cells called phagocytes.
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What is inside a thrombocytes (platelets)?
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A thrombocyte or platelet is a fragment of a cell consisting of a small amount of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane.
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Define the types of blood and the types of antigens and antibodies in each.
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Type A: has type A surface antigens and plasma with anti-B antibodies
Type B: has type B surface antigens and plasma with anit-A antibodies Type AB: has type A and B antigens and plasma with no antibodies Type O: has no surface antigens and plasma with both type A and B antibodies |
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What is a stationary clot?
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A stationary clot is called a thrombus
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What is a travelling clot?
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A thrombus (stationary clot) that breaks loose and floats through the circulatory system is called an embolus.
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What is diapedisis?
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Is a term used to refer to white blood cells that are capable of squeezing between cells in an ameboid type manner.
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What is the function of Vitamin K?
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Required for synthesis of a number of clotting factors
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Which blood type is the universal donor and which is the recipient?
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Type AB is the universal recipient and Type O is the universal donor.
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Where does Oxygen bind on the hemoglobin molecule?
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Oxygen binds to the red pigment molecule called heme which contains one iron atom.
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What cells are the largest of the WBC’s
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Monocytes
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What are the types of lymphocytes?
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B-cells which produce antibodies to attack bacterial invaders and T-cells which protect against viruses and bacteria by attacking the cell in which they are found.
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What do the values of WBC’ indicate if they are elevated?
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For Neutrophils: an increase in number could signal an appendicitis or acute bacterial infection.
For Eosinophils: an increase in number could signal an allergic or parasitic infection. For Lymphocytes: an increase in number could signal viral infection, antibody-antigen reactions and infectious mononucleosis. For Monocytes: an increase in number could signal chronic infections. |
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What is the hemolytic disease of the newborn?
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It is a condition in which a female who has anti-Rh antibodies becomes pregnant with a fetus whos blood is Rh positive.
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Where do platelets come from?
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They are produced in the bone marrow by megakaryocytes.
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What are the two types of strokes?
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A stroke is a sudden neurological disorder caused by a decreased blood supply to a part of the brain. It can be a result of a hemmorage (ruptured blood vessels) or a clot, thrombosis or embolism.
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What are the primary organs to break down RBC’s?
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Macrophages in the spleen and liver
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Which organ produces most of the plasma proteins?
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Liver
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Which of the following blood components is a complete cell?
a. Erythrocyte b. Leukocyte c. Platelet d. All are complete cells. |
Leukocyte
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The production of red blood cells is called....
a. hematopoiesis b. erythropoiesis c. lymphopoiesis d. leukopoiesis |
erythropoiesis
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Which of the following is present in a red blood cell?
a. Nucleus b. Plasma membrane c. Ribosome d. Mitochondrion |
Plasma membrane
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The target organ of erythropoietin is the...
a. kidney b. liver c. thymus d. red bone marrow |
red bone marrow
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Red blood cells enter the bloodstream as...
a. erythroblasts b. reticulocytes c. hemocytoblasts d. normoblasts |
reticulocytes
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All of the following are granulocytes except:
a. monocytes. b. eosinophils. c. neutrophils. d. basophils |
monocytes
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These cells contain histamine and are the least numerous of the circulating white blood cells.
a. Monocytes b. Eosinophils c. Neutrophils d. Basophils |
Basophils
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These cells are important in fighting parasitic infections.
a. Monocytes b. Eosinophils c. Neutrophils d. Lymphocytes |
Eosinophils
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Some of these cells become plasma cells that can produce antibodies.
a. Monocytes b. Eosinophils c. Neutrophils d. Lymphocytes |
Lymphocytes
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These cells can enter the tissues as macrophages and are important in chronic infections.
a. Monocytes b. Eosinophils c. Neutrophils d. Basophils |
Monocytes
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Platelets are fragments of which cells?
a. Megakaryocytes b. Reticulocytes c. Leukocytes d. Thrombocytes |
Megakaryocytes
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The immediate response to blood vessel damage is a ________.
a. platelet plug b. blood clot c. vascular spasm d. fibrinolysis |
vascular spasm
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The protein backbone of a blood clot is ________.
a. thrombin b. fibrin c. plasmin d. heparin |
fibrin
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Platelets release this substance, which contributes to vascular spasms.
a. ADP b. Prothrombin c. Serotonin d. Factor III |
Serotonin
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Which enzyme converts fibrinogen into fibrin?
a. Thrombin b. Thromboplastin c. ADP d. Plasmin |
Thrombin
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If John has O positive blood, he will have which of the following antibodies in his blood?
a. Anti-Rh b. Anti-A c. Anti-B d. Both anti-A and anti-B |
Both anti-A and anti-B
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