Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What makes up the CNS?
|
brain and spinal cord
|
|
|
What makes up the PNS?
|
Cranial and spinal nerves
(relay information to and from the CNS) |
|
|
Do thoracic vertebra have foramen?
|
No.
|
|
|
What type of receptors (send in to CNS) and effectors (coming from CNS) are associated with visceral (inner tube) innervation? somatic?
|
visceral: receptors = in guts; effectors = smooth and cardiac muscle
somatic: receptors = in skin and muscle; effectors = skeletal muscle |
|
|
What direction do motor nerves flow?
|
out; = efferent = exit
can be both visceral and somatic |
|
|
What direction do sensory nerves flow?
|
in; = afferent = arrive
can be both visceral and somatic |
|
|
What is a nerve (PNS)? What is a neuron?
|
nerve = a bundle of axons
neuron = CELL that conducts an AP note: in CNS, a bundle of axons is called a nerve tract |
|
|
What horn to sensory nerves travel through in the spinal cord?
|
Dorsal horn
Motor = ventral horn |
|
|
Where is an interneuron located?
|
Gray matter of spinal cord between dorsal and ventral horns
|
|
|
What is found in the dorsal root ganglion?
|
cell bodies of sensory neurons
|
|
|
What pathways are 1-neuron? which are 2-neuron?
|
1-neuron: sensory somatic, sensory visceral, motor somatic
2-neuron: motor autonomic (mostly visceral) [includes sympathetic and parasympathetic] |
|
|
Does the sympathetic system have outflow to the inner or outer tube?
|
both
|
|
|
Does the parasympathetic system have outflow to the inner or outer tube?
|
inner only
|
|
|
What spinal nerves make up the sympathetic nervous system?
|
T1 --> L2 (sympathetic highway)
"white on ramps, gray off ramps" for white and gray rami (branches) |
|
|
What is meant by pre-ganglionic?
|
pre-synaptic
(same for post-ganglionic/synaptic) |
|
|
In the sympathetic nervous system, where are the pre-ganglionic neurons found?
|
Lateral horn of gray matter (T1 -> L2)
|
|
|
In the sympathetic nervous system, where are the post-ganglionic neurons found?
|
Sympathetic chain ganglion = paravertebral ganglia
|
|
|
What spinal nerves make up the parasympathetic nervous system?
|
Cranial Nerves: 3, 7, 9 & 10
Sacral Nerves: S2-S4 |
|
|
* Where do splanchnic nerves synapse? how does this differ from other sympathetic motor neurons?
|
prevertebral ganglia (not paravertebral/sympathetic chain ganglia) --> synapse occurs very near effector organ (inner tube)
others synapse in the sympathetic chain ganglia) |
|
|
what are the outer tube effectors of sympathetic motor neurons?
|
blood vessels, sweat glands and arrector pili muscles in the skin
|
|
|
what is the relative length of the pre- and post- synaptic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system? parasympathetic?
|
sympathetic: short, then long
parasympathetic: long, then short |
|
|
* where do parasympathetic neurons synapse?
|
ganglia in the head or on the walls of target organs (recall, inner tube only)
|
|
|
what outer tube effectors does the parasympathetic nervous system reach?
|
None!
|
|
|
Which cranial nerve innervates the heart, lungs and lower digestive organs?
|
Vagus (CN X)
|
|
|
What do the pelvic splanchnic nerves innervate? what nervous "system" to they belong to?
|
lower colon, kidney, urinary bladder, genitals
parasympathetic nervous system |
|
|
What are the effectors of CN 3, 7 and 9?
|
eye, lacrimal gland, nasal mucosa, paranasal sinuses, salivary glands
|
