Anatomy -Muscles

Front 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 1

flexes/laterally rotates head

Front 2

Trapezius

Back 2

elevates/depresses/retracts/rotates & stabilizes scapula

Front 3

Splenius

Back 3

extends/hyperextends head, *antagonist to sternocleidomastoid

Front 4

Pectoralis major

Back 4

prime mover arm flexion, adduct arm, medially rotate arm

Front 5

Pectoralis minor

Back 5

depress/protract scapula

Front 6

Serratus

Back 6

prime mover scapula protraction, rotates scapula

Front 7

Internal intercostals

Back 7

depress rib cage (expiration)

Front 8

External intercostals

Back 8

elevate rib cage (inspiration)

Front 9

Diaphragm

Back 9

prime mover inspiration

Front 10

Rectus abdominis

Back 10

flex, rotate lumbar region

Front 11

Transversus abdominis

Back 11

compresses abdomen

Front 12

External obliques

Back 12

compress abdomen, flex vertebral column, rotate trunk, lateral flexion of trunk

Front 13

Internal obliques

Back 13

same as external obliques

Front 14

Trapezius

Back 14

elevate/depress/rotate scapula

Front 15

Latissimus dorsi

Back 15

prime mover arm extension, arm adduction, medial rotation of arm.

Front 16

Iliocostalis/Longissimus/Spinalis

Back 16

prime mover back extension

Front 17

Levator scapulae

Back 17

elevates/adducts scapula

Front 18

Supraspinatus

Back 18

Initiates abduction of arm

Front 19

Infraspinatus

Back 19

Rotates humerus laterally

Front 20

Teres Major

Back 20

Adducts humerus, medially rotates humerus

Front 21

Rhomboid Major

Back 21

Stabilizes scapula

Front 22

Levator scapulae

Back 22

elevate/adduct scapula

Front 23

Trapezius

Back 23

elevate/depress, retract, rotate scapula

Front 24

Trapezius+ levator scapulae

Back 24

= elevate scapula

Front 25

Trapezius+ pectoralis minor

Back 25

= depress scapula

Front 26

Trapezius+ rhomboids

Back 26

= retract scapula

Front 27

Serratus + pectoralis minor

Back 27

= protract scapula

Front 28

**IMPORTANT NOTE**

Back 28

Protraction only function of the pectoral girdle that trapezius muscles do not participate in

Front 29

Levator scapulae (position)

Back 29

deep to trapezius

Front 30

Serratus (role)

Back 30

prime mover of scapula protraction (hold scapula to chest wall)

Front 31

Rotator cuff- a. Supraspinatus

Back 31

weak arm abductor

Front 32

Rotator cuff-b. Infraspinatus

Back 32

laterally rotate arm

Front 33

Rotator cuff-c. Teres minor

Back 33

laterally rotate arm

Front 34

Rotator cuff- d. Subscapularis

Back 34

medially rotate arm

Front 35

Teres major

Back 35

extend, adduct, medially rotate humerus

Front 36

Pectoralis major

Back 36

prime mover of arm flexion, medially rotate arm, arm adduction

Front 37

Latissimus dorsi- prime mover of arm extension, arm

Back 37

adduction, medially rotate arm

Front 38

Deltoid

Back 38

prime mover of arm abduction

Front 39

Biceps brachii

Back 39

forearm flexion

Front 40

Triceps brachii

Back 40

forearm extension

Front 41

Rotator cuff (4 sections)

Back 41

a. Supraspinatus b. Infraspinatus c. Teres minor d. Subscapularis

Front 42

Brachialis

Back 42

forearm flexion

Front 43

Brachioradialis

Back 43

forearm flexion

Front 44

Anconeus

Back 44

synergist to triceps in extension

Front 45

Pronator teres

Back 45

forearm pronation

Front 46

Pronator quadratus

Back 46

prime mover forearm pronation

Front 47

Supinator

Back 47

forearm supination

Front 48

Iliopsoas

Back 48

prime mover of thigh flexion

Front 49

Gluteus maximus

Back 49

thigh extension

Front 50

Gluteus medius

Back 50

abduct, medially rotate thigh

Front 51

Gluteus minimus

Back 51

abduct, medially rotate thigh

Front 52

*3 compartments for thigh muscles:

Back 52

Posterior, Medial,Anterior

Front 53

Adductor magnus

Back 53

adduct, medially rotate, flex thigh

Front 54

Adductor longus

Back 54

adduct, medially rotate, flex thigh

Front 55

Adductor brevis

Back 55

adduct, medially rotate, flex thigh

Front 56

Pectineus

Back 56

adduct, medially rotate, flex thigh

Front 57

Gracilis

Back 57

adduct thigh, medially rotate, flex leg (crosses 2 joints – hip & knee)

Front 58

Hamstrings

Back 58

1.Semimembranosus 2.Semitendinosus 3. Biceps femoris

Front 59

Semimembranosus

Back 59

thigh extension, knee flexion

Front 60

Semitendinosus

Back 60

thigh extension, knee flexion

Front 61

Biceps femoris

Back 61

thigh extension, knee flexion

Front 62

Tensor fasciae latae

Back 62

abducts thigh

Front 63

Quadriceps femoris

Back 63

a. Rectus femoris b. Vastus lateralis c. Vastus medialis d. Vastus intermedius

Front 64

a. Rectus femoris

Back 64

knee extension, flex thigh

Front 65

b. Vastus lateralis

Back 65

knee extension

Front 66

c. Vastus medialis

Back 66

knee extension

Front 67

d. Vastus intermedius

Back 67

knee extension

Front 68

Sartorius

Back 68

flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh

Front 69

Hamstrings

Back 69

Quadriceps

Front 70

Teres minor (position)

Back 70

inferior to infraspinatus (sometimes inseperable from infraspinatus)

Front 72

Pectoralis major (role)

Back 72

prime mover of arm flexion, ALSO medial rotator of humerus, arm adduction

Front 73

Latissimus dorsi (role)

Back 73

prime mover of arm extension; powerful arm adductor; medially rotate arm at shoulder