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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?
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Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus Subscapularis Teres Minor |
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Teres Minor: function and innervation
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Fxn: lat. arm rotation
Innervation: axillary |
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Subscapularis: function and innervation
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Fxn: medially rotates & adducts arm
Innervation: subscapular |
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Supraspinatus: function and innervation
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Fxn: abduct arm (initiates)
Innervation: suprascapularis |
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Infraspinatus: function and innervation
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Fxn: lateral rotation of arm
Innervation: suprascapularis |
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Teres Major: function and innervation
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Fxn:medially rotates, adducts, and extends humerus
Innervation: lower subscapular |
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Deltoid: function and innervation
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Fxn: Power abduction of the arm (middle portion), flexion & medial rotation (anterior portion), extends and laterally rotates arm (posterior portion).
Innervation: Axillary |
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Pectoralis Major: function and innervation
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Fxn: adducts and medially rotates arm, flexion of humerus.
Innervation: mostly lateral pectoral nerve (some medial pectoral nerve) |
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Pectoralis Minor: function and innervation
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Fxn: stabilize scapula, accessory muscle of respiration, lifts ribs.
Innervation: medial pectoral nerve |
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Latissimus Dorsi: function and innervation
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Fxn: extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm
Innervation: thoracodorsal |
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Serratus anterior: function and innervation
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Fxn: abduct, protracts, and upwardly rotates scapula above 90 degrees. It is assisted by trapezius. Agonists are levator scapulae, and rhomboids.
Innervation: long thoracic nerve |
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Levator Scapulae: function and innervation
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Fxn: raises scapula and draws it medially; with scapula fixed, bends the necks laterally and rotates it to same side.
Innervation: 3rd and 4th cervical spinal nerves and dorsal scapular nerve |
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Rhomboid Major: function and innervation
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Fxn: adducts, retracts, elevates, and rotates scapula
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve |
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Rhomboid Minor: function and innervation
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Fxn: retracts and stabilized the scapula, elevates the vertebral border and rotates scapula to depress inferior angle
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve |
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What are the a, n, v in the quadrangular space?
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axillary nerve and PH circumflex a.
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What are a, n, v in the triangular interval?
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radial nerve and profunda brachii a.
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Muscles that depress the scapula
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pectoralis major & minor, latissimus dorsi, trapezius, serratus anterior
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Muscles that elevate the scapula
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trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboids
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Muscles that rotate and lower the shoulder
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latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboids, pectoralis muscles
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Muscles that rotate and raise the shoulder
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trapezius, serratus anterior
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Muscles that protract the scapula
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serratus anterior, pectoralis muscles
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Muscles that retract the scapula
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trapezius, rhomboids, latissimus dorsi
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Muscles that abduct the arm
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Supraspinatous (initiates), deltoid (till 90 degrees), serratous anterior (more than 90 degrees)
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What nerve is damaged when a patient presents with a winged scapula? And why?
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long thoracic nerve
It innervates the serratus anterior which keeps scapula held firmly against thorax through the |
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What rotator cuff muscle is most commonly injured and why?
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Supraspinatous because it travels through a small canal and is easily be jammed against bone?
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In which direction does the should most often become displaced and why? What nerve is at risk of being injured here?
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Inferiorly because there is no muscle on inferior side of glenohumeral joint.
Axillary nerve |
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What is the suprascapular ligament?
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Ligament traveling over suprascapular notch on superior edge of scapula. Creates a foramen where for suprascapular n, a, v. N travels below, artery above.
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What is the overall function of the rotator cuff?
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to grasp and pull the humeral head medially holding it against the glenoid cavity. Maintains integrity of joint.
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What is the only axial attachment to the appendicular skeleton?
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Clavicle
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