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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metabolism |
is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. |
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Anatomy |
Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts |
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Physiology |
the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts. |
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Homeostasis |
the regulation of temperature and the balance between acidity and alkalinity (pH). It is a process that maintains the stability of the human body's internal environment in response to changes in external conditions |
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Increasing levels of complexity |
Elements Molecules Organelles Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems (The) Organism |
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Examples of homeostatic mexhanisms |
-Regulation of pH -Maintaining constant body temperature(endothermic ) -regulating blood glucose levels -kidneys remove excess water and ions from the blood -throat and mouth dryness of water levels fall |
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Examples of vital signs |
Heart rate: 60-100 beats per minute
Respirations: 12-18 breaths per minute
Blood pressure: 90/60 to 120/80
Temperature: 97.8 to 99.1 degreeS Fahrenheit or 38 to 38.5 degrees Celsius |
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Positive and negative feedback |
With negative feedback, the output reduces the original effect of the stimulus. In a positive feedback system, the output enhances the original stimulus. A good example of a positive feedback system is child birth. During labor, a hormone called oxytocin is released that intensifies and speeds up contractions. The increase in contractions causes more oxytocin to be released and the cycle goes on until the baby is born. The birth ends the release of oxytocin and ends the positive feedback mechanism. |
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Organ systems and their primary functions |
Back (Definition) |
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Difference between temperature and heat |
The hotter an object is, the faster the motion of the molecules inside it. Thus, the heat of an object is the total energy of all the molecular motion inside that object. Temperature, on the other hand, is a measure of the average heat or thermal energy of the molecules in a substance. |
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Osmosis and diffusion |
Osmosis is the spontaneous net movement of solvent molecules through a partially permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration. Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentratiion, to areas of low concentration. |
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Major functions/structures of the cell membrane |
controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings |
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Anabolic catabolic process differences |
Anabolic -synthesize Catabolic-break down |
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How the body controls temperature |
Vasoconstriction to decrease flow of heat to skin, shivering to increase heat in muscles, philoerection to increase insulation |
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What type of process is sweating? |
Thermoregulation -autonomic homeostasis |
